Chapter 8 - Fill in the Blanks Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the 3 subdivisions of the throat.

  1. __________
  2. __________
  3. __________
A
  1. nasopharynx
  2. oropharynx
  3. laryngopharynx
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2
Q

The ______ portion of the tooth projects above the gum. The _______ is embedded in the jawbone. The ______ is the constricted portion between the crown and the root.

A

crown
root
neck

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3
Q

The _____ ________ contains the dental pulp, which is richly supplied with blood vessels and nerves

A

pulp cavity

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4
Q

The ____ _______ is a narrow tunnel located at the root of the tooth and blood vessels and the nerves enter through the opening called the ______ ________.

A

root canal

apical foramen

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5
Q

A layer of ______ covers the dentin of the root, protecting and firmly anchoring the ligament.

A

cementum

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6
Q

The bulk of the tooth is ______ and _______ covers the exposed part of the crown of the tooth and is the hardest part of the tooth.

A

dentin

enamel

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7
Q

Another name for the voice box is the ______.

A

larynx

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8
Q

The ________, a flap of tissue which blocks the opening of the voice box, preventing food from entering the airway leading to the windpipe.

A

epiglottis

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9
Q

The ______ leads from the pharynx to the stomach. Food must pass the _______ sphincter, also called the _ _ _ ( ______ __________ _______)

A

esophagus

cardiac

LES (lower esophageal sphincter)

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10
Q

Food is carried along the esophagus by a series of wavelike muscular contractions called ________.

A

peristalsis

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11
Q

The ______ is a muscular sacklike portion of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the duodenum.

A

stomach

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12
Q

List the 3 portions or regions of the stomach.

  1. ___________
  2. __________
  3. __________
A
  1. fundus
  2. body
  3. antrum
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13
Q

There are folds in the mucus membrane lining the stomach called _____.

A

rugae

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14
Q

Name the 2 sets of teeth.

  1. ____________
  2. ___________
A
  1. deciduous

2. permanent

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15
Q

Located on the surface of the tongue are ________ and _____ ____.

A

papillae /and/ taste buds

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16
Q

The ________ surround the necks of the teeth

A

gingivae (gin-juh-vuh)

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17
Q

The stomach converts the bolus of food to a semiliquid state called ______.

A

chyme

18
Q

The _________ is the passageway for food from the pharynx to the stomach

A

esophagus

19
Q

Another name for the digestive system is the ___________ system

A

gasrointestinal

20
Q

The continuous tube beginning at the mouth and ending at the anus is known as the ________ ______ or the ___________ _____.

A

alimentary canal
/or the/
gastrointestinal tract

21
Q

What re the 3 main functions of the digestive system?

  1. ________
  2. _________
  3. __________
A
  1. digestion
  2. absorption
  3. elimination
22
Q

A ________ is a soft mass of chewed food ready to be swallowed

A

bolus

23
Q

Food leaves the stomach through the ________ sphincter

A

pyloric

24
Q

List the 3 parts of the small intestine in the correct order leading away from the stomach.

  1. __________
  2. __________
  3. __________
A
  1. duodenum
  2. jejunum
  3. ileum
25
Q

The _________ produces digestive juices and insulin

A

pancreas

26
Q

List the 5 substances produced by the liver.

  1. _____
  2. ________
  3. _________
  4. __________
  5. ___________

(know 2 for test)

A
  1. bile
  2. blood proteins
  3. heparin
  4. fibrinogen
  5. prothrombin
27
Q

List the 3 pairs of salivary glands.

  1. _________
  2. ________
  3. _________
A
  1. perotid
  2. sublingual
  3. submandibular
28
Q

Salivary glands produce ______.

A

saliva

29
Q

Name 3 types of hernias that can occur within the body.

  1. __________
  2. __________
  3. ___________
A
  1. hiatal hernia
  2. umbilical hernia
  3. inguinal hernia
30
Q

List the 7 parts of the large intestine in the correct order leading from the small intestine to the outside of the body.

A
  1. cecum
  2. ascending colon
  3. transverse colon
  4. descending colon
  5. sigmoid colon
  6. rectum
  7. anal canal
31
Q

The valve between the small intestine and the large intestine is the _______ valve.

A

ileocecal

32
Q

_________ ____ are tiny finger-like projections covering the small intestine which absorb nutrients through the process of diffusion

A

intestinal villi

33
Q
  • Inguinal* hernia is associated with the ____?______
  • Hiatal* hernia is associated with the ____?_____
  • Umbilical* hernia is associated with the ____?_____
A

groin

stomach

bellybutton

34
Q

The _______ is made from skeletal muscle and is covered with mucous membrane.

A

tongue

35
Q

The roof of the mouth contains both hard and soft _____.

A

palates

36
Q

The medical word for chewing is ________.

A

mastication

37
Q

The _________ is the passageway for both respiration and digestion, and a bolus of food to pass from the pharynx to the stomach.

A

throat (aka. pharynx)

38
Q

_______ is the first stool of a newborn. It is a mixture of amniotic fluid and secretions from the intestinal glands.

A

meconium

39
Q

Expelling waste through the anus is known as _______.

A

defecating

40
Q

The waste products of digestion are known as _______ and/or ________.

A

feces and/or stool