chapter 8: knowledge

Question 1

cognition

Answer 1

thinking, knowing, remembering

Question 2

concept

Answer 2

mental representation of object, event or idea

Question 3

prototype

Answer 3

representation of average category

Question 4

priming

Answer 4

exposure to one thing influences another. works best when brain is on autopilot

Question 5

lexical decision task

Answer 5

decision on whether or not combinations of letters are words or not

Question 6

category-specific visual agnosia

Answer 6

damage to some brain areas. have problems identifying specific categories

Question 7

representative heuristic

Answer 7

judging if a person is friendly based on whether they’re smiling. how they represent

Question 8

availability heuristic

Answer 8

judge popularity of song based on how frequently you hear it

Question 9

conjuction fallacy

Answer 9

mistakenly only finding one solution rather than 2

Question 10

anchoring events

Answer 10

using previous knowledge to response

Question 10

framing effects

Answer 10

decision making

Question 11

aphasias

Answer 11

language disorder by damage to brain structures

Question 11

belief perseverance

Answer 11

when commited to their beliefs

Question 12

confirmation bias

Answer 12

only listening to what you want to hear

Question 12

mental set/functional fixedness

Answer 12

cant view new problems from new angle

Question 13

wernickes area

Answer 13

find the meaning of words

Question 14

broca’s area

Answer 14

frontal lobe makes speech sounds that compose words

Question 15

phonemes

Answer 15

not a words but when combined with morphemes it becomes a word

Question 16

morphemes

Answer 16

actual words

Question 17

semantics

Answer 17

how people understand the meaning of words

Question 18

syntax

Answer 18

combing words into phrases and sentences

Question 19

pragmatics

Answer 19

not saying the answer but implies the answer

Question 20

fast mapping

Answer 20

map words into concepts

Question 21

1-2 months of language

Answer 21

cooing

Question 22

4-10 months of language

Answer 22

babbling

Question 23

8-16 months of language

Answer 23

one-word phrases

Question 24

24 months of language

Answer 24

two-word phrases

Question 25

24+

Answer 25

complete sentences

Question 26

sensitive periods of language

Answer 26

brain primed to learn language skills but ability fades 7th year

Question 27

FOXP2 gene

Answer 27

gene which code protein for speech and language

Question 28

warfian hypothesis

Answer 28

language is how we see the world

Question 29

bonobo kanzi

Answer 29

lexigrams, 3000 spoken words