Chapter 8 Hormones Pt 2

Question 1

How does the Hypothalamus regulate the release of tropic hormones from the anterior pituitary?

Answer 1

By secreting (producing) releasing peptide hormones into the median eminence

Question 2

What does the anterior pituitary do?

Answer 2

It synthesizes(put together/build) the hormones it releases

Question 3

What hormones do the anterior pituitary produce?

Answer 3

Tropic Hormones

Question 4

What are releasing hormones?

Answer 4

Any class of hormones, produced in the hypothalamus, that travels to the hypothalamic portal system, to control the release of tropic hormones

Question 5

How do tropic hormones work?

Answer 5

They travel through the bloodstream, reaching all the glands, but only the target glands have the appropriate receptors to respond.

Question 6

What is the anterior pituitary regulated by?

Answer 6

Negative feedback

Question 7

What happens when tropic hormones reaches its target gland?

Answer 7

It drives towards it to produce its own hormone
Ex. An anterior pituitary tropic hormone will act on thyroid gland to make it a secrete thyroid gland

Question 8

What is the Median eminence?

Answer 8

It is where a profusion of blood vessels for, the hypothalamic-pituitary portal system

Question 9

How does the hypothalamus control gonadal hormone production?

Answer 9

It releases Gonadotropin releasing- hormone (GnRH) into the median eminence

Question 10

What does the GnRH do to the Anterior Pituitary?

Answer 10

It release one or both Gonadtropin (gonads)
1. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
2. Luteinzing hormone (LH)

Question 11

What do testes produce and secrete?

Answer 11

The androgen testosterone- a steroid hormone

Question 12

What cells do testes have?

Answer 12

Sertoli cells- which produces sperm

Question 13

What steroid hormones do Ovaries produce?

Answer 13

Progestins(progesterone) and Estrogens(Estradiol)

Question 14

What cells do Ovaries produce?

Answer 14

Produce mature gametes- ova/eggs

Question 15

What does progestin do?

Answer 15

It helps maintain pregnancy

Question 16

What do Estrogen do?

Answer 16

Regulates menstrual cycle

Question 17

How long is the Ovulatory cycle

Answer 17

About 4 weeks

Question 18

What does secretion mean?

Answer 18

The process by which an animal or plant produce and releases a liquid, or the liquid produce

Question 19

What do Follicle-stimulating hormones do?

Answer 19

They stimulate the growth and maturation of egg-containing follicles and the secretion of estrogens from the follicles

Question 20

What does Follicle-stimulating hormones do in males?

Answer 20

Govern sperm production

Question 21

What does Luteinizing Hormones do?

Answer 21

Stimulates the follicles of the ovary to rupture, realizing their eggs, and form into structures that secrete the sex steroid hormone progesterone (stimulates the uterus to prepare for pregnancy)(aka the corpus luteum)

Question 22

What does Luteinizing Hormones do in males?

Answer 22

Stimulates the testes to produce testosterone

Question 23

What role does estrogen play in the ovulatory cycle?

Answer 23

It induces the hypothalamus and pituitary to release LH, which triggers an egg for a follicle and cause the follicle to develop corpus luthem

Question 24

What are the 4 ways Hormonal and neural systems work to communicate and influence each other?

Answer 24

1. neural-to-neural
   * Visual processing
   
   2. neural-to-endocrine
      
      • Visual stimulus; opportunity to mate
   3. endocrine-to-endocrine
      
      • GnRH (Gonads)
   4. endocrine-to-neural
      
      • Testosterone altering the excitability of neurons in male’s brain