chapter 8 - Fluoro equipment (pt care book)

Question 1

name some factors the physician may use to determine what examination to order.

Answer 1

radiation dose, risk to patient, medical condition, ability to tolerate the procedure, costs, insurance coverage, & timeliness.

Question 2

what is the primary role of a radiographer?

Answer 2

the manipulation of expensive, high-technology x-ray equipment

Question 3

what are the basic features of all x-ray systems?

Answer 3

x-ray tube, support system, collimator assembly, x-ray table, x-ray generator, control console, & upright image receptor holder devices.

Question 4

what are the primary components of the x-ray tube?

Answer 4

anode & cathode

Question 5

what is the x-ray tube made of?

Answer 5

pyrex glass & encased in a sturdy metal housing

Question 6

what does the collimator do?

Answer 6

controls the size & shape of the x-ray field coming out of the x-ray tube

Question 7

AEC stands for

Answer 7

automatic exposure control

Question 8

PBL stands for

Answer 8

positive beam limitation

Question 9

what does the PBL do?

Answer 9

allows the x-ray unit to detect the size of the image receptor the radiographer is using & automatically limits the x-ray field size to the size to minimize patient dose.

Question 10

name the three classifications of x-ray tables.

Answer 10

tilting/non-tilting, free floating/stationary table top, & adjustable/non-adjustable heights

Question 11

are the table tops radiolucent or radiopaque?

Answer 11

radiolucent

Question 12

what is considered the “workhorse” of the x-ray system?

Answer 12

the generator

Question 13

what are the two main components of the generator system?

Answer 13

the electronics cabinet & the operator’s console

Question 14

the generator is “rated” in what ?

Answer 14

kilowatts, ranging from 30kW to 100kW

Question 15

name the consoles 5 generic controls.

Answer 15

main power, kilovolt peak(kVp), milliamperage (mA), timer, & rotor exposure switch

Question 16

The penetration power of an x-ray beam is determined by its voltage and is expressed in?

Answer 16

kVp - kilovolt peak

Question 17

1000volts = how many kV?

Answer 17

1 kV

Question 18

1 milliampere is = to how many ampere

Answer 18

one thousandth of an ampere

Question 19

the rotor exposure switch does what?

Answer 19

begins the exposure

Question 20

the rotor exposure switch actually contains two different switches that are mechanically interlocked. what are they called?

Answer 20

prep switch & activation switch

Question 21

repeated prepping of the tube unnecessarily does what?

Answer 21

damages the x-ray tube & shorten its useful life.

Question 22

name the two x-ray tube support systems?

Answer 22

floor-mount tubestands & ceiling-suspended overhead tubecranes

Question 23

what is the purpose of the image receptor?

Answer 23

to absorb the energies of the x-ray beam & convert this energy into a form that can be stored, processed, & ultimately viewed by someone for medical interpretation.

Question 24

historically, the medium of choice for recording x-ray energy was?

Answer 24

polyester film sandwiched between two intensifying screens in a light-tight cassette

Question 25

why is film becoming obsolete?

Answer 25

because of digital imaging

Question 26

what is the ALARA principle?

Answer 26

it’s a professional radiographers obligation to practice radiation exposure - as low as reasonably achievable.

Question 27

an overexposure that is what percentage above the optimum exposure should be considered an ALARA violation.

Answer 27

100%

Question 28

name the two classifications of image receptors.

Answer 28

cassette-less or cassette-based

Question 29

a true digital receptors with either direct or indirect technology for converting energy of the x-ray beam to a digital computer signal is?

Answer 29

cassette-less (DR)

Question 30

a system that employs a screen-film combination or a photostimulable storage phosphor screen in a light-tight cassette

Answer 30

cassette-based (CR)

Question 31

radiation that is detected by the receptor is referred to as?

Answer 31

remnant radiation

Question 32

remnant radiation consist of what other three kind of radiation?

Answer 32

primary beam radiation, scatter, & secondary radiation

Question 33

what is the latent image?

Answer 33

when the energies of the remnant beam is first converted to a low-energy light & finally absorbed by a polyester film emulsion

Question 34

when the film containing the latent image is processed with wet chemistries, what image is demonstrated with the patients anatomy?

Answer 34

resultant

Question 35

photostimulable phosphor (PSP) imaging is commonly referred to as what?

Answer 35

computed radiography (CR)

Question 36

PSP detectors capture the energy of the remnant beam & stores it for a period of time in what?

Answer 36

the “electron traps”