Chapter 8: Developing And Developed Countries

Question 1

Define global health

Answer 1

The health of populations in a worldwide context that goes beyond the perspectives and concerns of individual countries.

Question 2

Define developed countries.

Answer 2

Aka industrialised countries, they’re countries with well-developed industry, mining or agriculture sectors and that enjoy a healthy economy based on trade.

Question 3

Define GDP

Answer 3

Gross domestic product is the total value of goods and services produced by a country in a year; is one indicator that a country is industrialised.

Question 4

List some characteristics of developed countries.

Answer 4

• high standard of living
• high life expectancy
• high GPD per capita
• high literacy rates
• safe water
• adequate sanitation
• accessible healthcare

Question 5

Define developing countries.

Answer 5

Countries that generally have a low GDP. Being less developed means that these countries have less access to technology, and have poor industry and limited trade arrangements.

Question 6

Explain the mortality strata.

Answer 6

WHO classifies countries into the five mortality strata based on mortality rates of children under five years of age and adult males aged 19-59.

Question 7

List and explain the 5 mortality strata

Answer 7

A: very low child mortality and adult mortality
B: low child mortality and adult mortality
C: low child mortality and high adult mortality
D: high child mortality and high adult mortality
E: high child mortality and very high adult mortality

Question 8

What are the 6 WHO regions?

Answer 8

Western Pacific Region; Australia, NZ
African Region: Kenya, Ethiopia
Region of the Americas: Canada, USA, Brazil
Eastern Mediterranean Region: Iraq, Jordan
European region: UK, Germany, Hungary
South-East Asia Region: India, Thailand

Question 9

Define infant mortality rates.

Answer 9

Refer to the number of deaths that occur in the first year of life. It is reported by the actual number of deaths per 1000 live births.

Question 10

What are some global causes of U5MR?

Answer 10

• pneumonia (14%)
• neonatal deaths (40%)
• diarrhoea (10%)

Question 11

Define low birth weight.

Answer 11

The weight of a baby at birth that is less than 2500 grams

Question 12

What is maternal mortality?

Answer 12

Refers to the number of deaths of women due to pregnancy or childbirth-related complications.

Question 13

What are the leading causes of death in developing countries?

Answer 13

Under nutrition conditions such as perinatal condition, diarrhoeal diseqs and infectious and parasitic diseases.

Question 14

What is a barrier for developing countries to improve their health and education systems?

Answer 14

Debt; many are forced to spend more on repaying debt than on essential services.

Question 15

What is colonisation and how does it contribute to poverty in developing countries?

Answer 15

Local populations were forced to work for new owners of their land, causing food shortages and unsanitary conditions due to lack of care for the country taken over by other people.

Question 16

List communicable diseases and explain where they’re more prevalent.

Answer 16

Communicable diseases such as HIV/AIDS are most prevalent in developing countries due to cultural differences such as men being controlling pigs and sleeping around and cheating on their seven wives, infecting and impregnating everyone (most of which are female).

Question 17

Give examples of developed countries.

Answer 17

Australia, NZ, USA, Canada, Italy and Sweden.

Question 18

Give examples of developing countries.

Answer 18

Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Thailand.

Question 19

How does trade act as a barrier for developing countries to improve?

Answer 19

Wealthier nations tend to benefit most from trade arrangements from developing countries; they’re vulnerable to global market and price fluctuations. If only a small number of countries are interested in buying their produce, the buyer will have control over the price. Poor weather conditions can also cause developing countries to sell crops at even lower prices in order to earn money to pay off debt.

Question 20

Explain the measures that can be used to compare health status of developing countries to developed countries such as Australia.

Answer 20

• life expectancy; indicates development of healthcare and medical technology or lack thereof.
• infant mortality rates; countries that have a high infant mortality rate are usually a developing country.
• U5MR