Chapter 5: Models Of Health And Promotion Flashcards
Explain the biomedical model of health.
Focuses on the physical or biological aspects of disease and illness. It is a medical model of care practiced by doctors and health professionals and is associated with the diagnosis, cure and treatment of disease. Examples of biomedical healthcare include blood tests, x-Ray’s etc.
Explain the social model of health.
A conceptual framework within which improvements in health and wellbeing are achieved by directing effort towards addressing the social, economic and environmental determinants of health. The model is based on the understanding that in order for health gains to occur, social, economic and environmental determinants must be addressed.
What is the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion?
An approach to health development by WHO which attempts to reduce inequalities in health. The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion was developed from the social model of health and defines health promotion as ‘the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health’ (WHO 1998). The Ottawa Charter identifies three basic strategies for health promotion, which are enabling, mediating and advocacy.
What are the 5 main guiding principles of the social model of health.
A: address determinants beyond individuals by looking at social determinants.
R: reduce social inequalities.
E: empower individuals and communities by providing resources and skill base to address factors that influence decisions in health.
A: enable access to healthcare.
S: involve inter-sectoral collaboration of healthcare; integrate government departments.
Explain the three basic strategies for health promotion according to Ottawa Charter.
Enable: health promotion relating to equity and focuses on reducing differences in public health status.
Mediate: coordinating action by levels of government, the health sector, etc.
Advocate: focus on making the political, economic, social etc. factors favourable through advocacy for health.
List the 5 priority areas important for health according to Ottawa Charter.
Build healthy public policy, create supportive environments, strengthen community action, develop personal skills and reorient health services.
Explain VicHealth’s focus and commitment to health.
Focus on providing individuals with new skills and better access to health beneficial activities. They contribute to Australian campaigns such as Quit and SunSmart.
What are Vic Health’s 5 strategic imperatives?
- promoting healthy eating
- encouraging regular physical activity
- preventing tobacco use
- preventing harm from alcohol
- improving mental wellbeing
What are the main roles of Vic Health?
- provide funding for health promotion programs such as Quit.org
- sponsor organisations that work in promoting health such as sporting clubs
- carry out health research
- lobby government for policy change to promote health and advocate for health promotion.
