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Histology HTL Exam- BOC Study Guide > Chapter 8: Connective and Muscle Tissues > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Connective and Muscle Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What color does muscle stain in both the Masson and Gomori trichromes?

A

Red in paraffin sections and bluish green in frozen sections.

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2
Q

What stain best demonstrates elastic tissue?

A

The Verhoeff-van Gieson

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3
Q

What is the first step in most Reticulin processes?

A

Oxidation.

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4
Q

What chemical does the Verhoeff method differentiate with?

A

A mordant (ferric chloride)

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5
Q

What color does the Van Gieson stain collagen?

A

Collagen is stained red and muscle tissue is stained yellow.

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6
Q

Bouin solution functions in the Masson trichrome stain as a/n:

A

A mordant because tissue fixed in formalin will react poorly with the Masson trichrome stain.

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7
Q

What are the two components of the Van Gieson solution?

A

Picric acid and acid fuchsin.

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8
Q

Gomori aldehyde fuchsin solution contains:

A

Basic fuchsin, hydrochloric acid and paraldehyde.

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9
Q

Most silver stains use what as a toning agent?

A

Gold chloride.

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10
Q

What is the reducing agent in most Reticulin stains?

A

Formaldehyde.

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11
Q

How does the PTAH stain show color?

A

It is polychromatic, 1 solution gives 2 major colors.

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12
Q

What kind of tissue is a good control for reticulin stains?

A

Liver.

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13
Q

Toluidine blue is used to demonstrate what kind of cells?

A

Mast cells.

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14
Q

The component of basement membranes that is usually demonstrated with special stains is:

A

Carbohydrate.

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15
Q

What stain might be used to demonstrate cirrhosis of the liver?

A

The Masson trichrome.

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16
Q

In the Masson trichrome, how is Biebrich scarlet removed from the collagen?

A

Phosphotungstic acid.

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17
Q

What stain is routinely used to look for adipose tissue?

A

Oil red O, but the Sudan black B and the osmium tetroxide can also be used.

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18
Q

What are the three types of muscle fibers?

A

Skeletal (striated, voluntary), Cardiac (Striated, involuntary) and Smooth (non-striated and involuntary)

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19
Q

What stain is routinely used to look for Plasma cells?

A

Methyl green pyronin (MGP).

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20
Q

Iron hematoxylin is usually used in trichrome stains instead of aluminum hematoxylin because:

A

Subsequent staining solutions are acidic and this would decolorize the aluminum hematoxylin stained sections.

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21
Q

What is the preferred fixative for Masson trichrome stains?

A

Bouin solution.

22
Q

Silver impregnation stains for reticulin depend on the formation of what kind of chemical group?

A

Aldehyde groups.

23
Q

The diamine silver complex is formed by the reaction between silver and:

A

Ammonium hydroxide.

24
Q

Sections for the demonstration of basement membrane should be cut at:

A

2 microns.

25
Q

What kind of section does the Oil Red O require?

A

It requires a frozen section.

26
Q

What kind of cancer would the Oil Red O demonstrate?

A

Liposarcoma.

27
Q

What is a good example of physical staining?

A

The Oil Red O because the stain is absorbed by the fat.

28
Q

What chemical fixes and maintains fat in tissue?

A

Osmium tetroxide.

29
Q

What stain can demonstrate plasma cells?

A

The methyl green-pyronin stain.

30
Q

When ferric ammonium sulfate is used in a silver stain for reticulin, it functions as the:

A

Sensitizer.

31
Q

Mallory PTAH solution is ripened for immediate use by:

A

Potassium permanganate.

32
Q

When used in a silver stain for reticulum, phosphomolybdic acid functions as the:

A

Oxidizer.

33
Q

The Verhoeff Van Gieson stain shows both orange collagen and muscle. How can this be corrected in the future?

A

The picric acid needs to be saturated.

34
Q

The Masson trichrome stain shows only faint grayish pink staining of the muscle. How can this be prevented in the future?

A

The glassware may not have been chemically cleaned.

35
Q

Agentaffin cells in the epithelium of the stomach and small intestine are known as what?

A

Enterochromaffin cells.

36
Q

Which of the following is used in acid-fast staining procedures to enhance staining and aid in dissolving the fuchsin dye?

A

Phenol.

37
Q

True epithelial cells lining brain ventricles and the spinal canal are called what?

A

Ependymal cells.

38
Q

Solutions of anionic dyes in picric acid are used to demonstrate:

A

Both collagen and muscle.

39
Q

What pigment is stained with Sudan black B and carbol fuchsin?

A

Lipofuchsin.

40
Q

Transitional epithelium refers to what?

A

Urothelium, it is commonly found in the bladder.

41
Q

What kind of elastic stain performs well after any fixative, gives intense black staining of coarse fibers, must be differentiated microscopically and gives permanent results with little fading?

A

Verhoeff elastic stain (its called a VVG at our lab).

42
Q

What material is stained blue during the Masson Trichrome stain?

A

Collagen.

43
Q

What is a technique that us used to demonstrate lipids in paraffin sections?

A

Fixation with osmium tetroxide.

44
Q

The reducing agent in diamine silver procedures for retic demonstration is most frequently:

A

Formaldehyde.

45
Q

What is the most basic component of the CNS?

A

Neuron, they are nerve cells.

46
Q

Which of the following combination of stains will demonstrate both the myelin sheath and nerve fibers?

A

The Luxol fast blue and Holmes dual stain.

47
Q

What is the most reliable technique for demonstrating fungi in tissues?

A

The GMS, but a PASF(D) can be substituted (we’re doing this now).

48
Q

In addition to hematoxylin and potassium or ammonium alum, a traditional solution of Mayer hematoxylin contains:

A

95% alcohol, glycerol and acetic acid.

49
Q

For light microscopic evaluation it is generally necessary to use special stains to demonstrate fungi in tissue sections because:

A

Fungi are inconspicuous with regular H&E stains and cannot be seen.

50
Q

What staining procedure is most suitable for demonstrating general tissue morphology?

A

H&E staining.

Histology HTL Exam- BOC Study Guide (15 decks)

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