Chapter 4: Safety Flashcards
What hazard classification would silver nitrate fall under?
It would be considered a chemical hazard.
T/F: Xylene is BOTH toxic and flammable.
True.
T/F: Formaldehyde is considered a possible carcinogen.
True. Formaldehyde is a carcinogen, a reducing substance, non flammable and is slightly acidic.
What is considered an explosive compound that should NOT be stored in the lab?
Anhydrous picric acid.
A type A fire extinguisher should be used on what kind of fire?
Paper or wood because a type A is a water based extinguisher.
Which OSHA standard would be concerned with HIV and HBV?
The bloodbourne pathogen standard.
T/F: Blood can be disposed of in the sink according to the CDC and the Environmental Protective Agency (EPA).
True.
How long should employee training record be kept for Hazard Communications classes?
The duration of the employment plus an additional 30 years.
What is the Time Weighted Average (TWA) exposure limit of formaldehyde?
0.75 ppm.
In a lab, the TWA of formaldehyde is found to be .60ppm, is this okay?
A medical surveillance program needs to be established, this exposure is too close to 0.75ppm (it should be around 0.5ppm)
What kind of extinguisher should be used on electrical fires?
C.
What kind of extinguisher should be used on fires involving xylene?
B, because those are the fires that involve alcohols and flammable solvents.
Which OSHA standard would involve the development of a chemical hygiene plan?
The laboratory standard.
Monitoring of formaldehyde exposure shows the STEL to be 2.0ppm. What does this mean?
Any action would be dependent on the TWA and action level.
The amount of a chemical compound that expected to cause death of half of the population upon ingestion is the:
LD50.
Why can concentrated HCl NOT be disposed of in the sink?
Because HCl is classified as a corrosive.
Why is isopentane considered very hazardous?
Isopentane has a flash point of under 0C so it is VERY flammable.
HCl (~6N) has been splashed on the lab or a worker. What should be the next course of action?
Wash the arm for 10 minutes with cold water and soap, then seek medical attention if needed.
What is the maximum working volume (in gallons) of flammable liquid allowed 100sqft outside the flammable cabinet?
1.
When used in the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) diamond, what number indicated a minor hazard?
1.
The left blue diamond in the NFPA chemical hazard label provides information on which hazard?
Health hazards.
The top red diamond on the NFPA chemical hazard label provides information on which hazard?
Flammability.
The right yellow diamond in the NFPA chemical hazard label provides information on which kind of hazard?
Reagent reactivity.
What is a prion?
An abnormal protein.
The revised Hazard Communications Standard requirements for chemical labels will require what?
A pictogram, a signal word and a hazard statement.
T/F: According to universal precautions, specimen containers must be labeled with a biohazard label if they contain potentially infectious material.
True.
T/F: Specimens may be returned to the patient without any risk.
False, there are risks with giving fixed tissue back to patients.
T/F: Cryogenic sprays pose little risk when used to freeze tissue in a cryostat.
False, they should NOT be used in the cryostat because they will blow the pathogens back out of the cryostat.
T/F: All infectious waste should be placed in biohazard containers.
True.
T/F: Ergonomics associate cumulative trauma disorders with the working environment.
True. They seek to reduce repeated motion injuries.
T/F: An SDS on each chemical used in the lab must be available to all employees.
True.
T/F: The PEL for an 8 hour formaldehyde exposure is 0.5ppm.
False its 0.75 ppm.
T/F: Class D fires are a marked concern in histopathology.
False, class D fires involve combustible and unstable elements, these are not used in the lab.
T/F: Some automatic Halon extinguishers cannot be used in areas in which employees would be expected to remain after discharge of the extinguishing agent.
True.
T/F: The volume of liquid contained in a flammable cabinet is unregulated.
False. 1 gallon per 100sqft outside the cabinet and 2 gallons inside the cabinet.
T/F: Hydrated picric acids pose less of a threat than anhydrous picric acids.
True, anhydrous picric acid is extremely explosive.
T/F: Acids should be diluted by pouring the concentrated acid into water.
True.
T/F: Reactions as severe as anaphylaxis have been noted due to the increased use of vinyl gloves.
False, latex caused allergic reactions and not vinyl.
T/F: Prions are sensitive to formalin fixation.
No, that’s why we have a separate protocol for CJD/prion disease.
T/F: Because of a dramatic increase in TB in health care settings, a documented TB exposure control plan should be put into place.
True.
T/F: Signal words such as “Danger” are used on labels to indicate the relative level of severity of a hazard.
True.
What are the four types of infectious wastes?
Blood, sharp objects, pathologic material, culture waste and microbiologic material.
How long should suspected CJD brain cases be fixed?
Sections of brain should be fixed for 48 hours and whole brain should be fixed for 10-14 days.
What is the “right to know” law?
That appropriate labels must appear on both the chemical containers received from the manufacturer and any reagents in the lab.
What three elements are required on chemical labels?
A pictogram, signal words and a hazard statement.
Why are cryogenic sprays not used in the cryostat?
Because the aerosolized nature of the spray will markedly increase the possibility of contamination.
What is the maximum allowable TWA of formaldehyde?
0.75 ppm.
What is a carcinogen?
A substance that causes or greatly increases the risk of malignant disease.
How is fire defined?
The rapid oxidation of a fuel in the presence of an ignition source.
What is a mechanical hazard?
Sharp objects puncturing the skin.
