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Histology HTL Exam- BOC Study Guide > Chapter 15: Laboratory Informatics > Flashcards

Chapter 15: Laboratory Informatics Flashcards

1
Q

What does LIS stand for?

A

Laboratory Information System.

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2
Q

Where is the initial access point in the anatomic pathology lab to a patient record?

A

Accessioning and order entry.

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3
Q

What is a long sequence of lines of different widths that holds alphabetical or numeric data?

A

A 1-D or a linear barcode.

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4
Q

A square print pattern barcode is also known as:

A

A 2-D barcode.

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5
Q

What are the benefits of electronic procedure manuals?

A

Ease of updating, alerts for all updates needed and electronic security.

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6
Q

What does HIS stand for?

A

Healthcare Informatics Systems.

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7
Q

In 1996, what act mandated the privacy and security of patient information?

A

HIPPA.

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8
Q

How many unique patient identifiers should a specimen have?

A

2.

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9
Q

T/F: A patient’s electronic health record may be accessed to add or review data by physicians only.

A

False, they can be accessed by multiple healthcare professionals.

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10
Q

T/F: Dark color cassettes demonstrate a frequent barcode scan failure.

A

True, that’s why we use lighter colors.

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11
Q

T/F: Advances in middleware or LIS functionality have allowed laboratories to establish an electronic chain of custody of patient specimens.

A

True.

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12
Q

T/F: The scanning of barcodes at each work station decreases specimen mix-ups.

A

True.

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13
Q

T/F: Patient demographics are maintained by HIPPA.

A

False, they’re maintained by HIS.

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14
Q

T/F: A patient’s electronic medical record changes with each hospital visit.

A

False.

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15
Q

T/F: The scanning of barcodes at each workstation can assist a manager to determine the productivity of each employee.

A

True.

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16
Q

T/F: Pathologists are not able to order add-on testing through the LIS.

A

False, they are ordered in LIS so they can be ordered in real time.

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17
Q

What will Agentaffin procedures stain for?

A

Melanin, formalin pigment and enterochromaffin cells will all stain.

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18
Q

What is the term for a dye solution that is made colorless by reduction, used for the identification of specific tissue components then reoxidized to restore the original color?

A

Leucofuchsin.

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19
Q

Define chromatolysis in relation to neurons.

A

The loss of Nissl substances in those neurons.

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20
Q

In silver impregnation methods, how is gold chloride used?

A

It is used as a toner.

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21
Q

What is a staining method for distinguishing muscle, elastic fibers, collagen, fibrin and mucin?

A

The Movat pentachrome stain.

22
Q

What are the cells responsible for the production of connective tissue fibers?

A

Fibroblasts.

23
Q

Why should drying of the slide after the carbol fuchsin step be avoided when staining for acid-fast bacteria?

A

It would cause complete discoloration of organisms.

24
Q

What is the process by which the mineral content of tissues can be studied following the removal of organic tissue components?

A

Microincineration.

25
Q

Insoluble compounds that resist decolorization with ether acetone are noted on microscopic evaluation of a control section with the Brown Hopps stain. Why is this?

A

The sections were not allowed to dry during staining.

26
Q

In staining methods for demonstrating reticulin, how do potassium permanganate, phophoromolybdic acid and periodic acid function?

A

They all function as oxidizers.

27
Q

How can phosphotungstic acid-hematoxylin solutions be ripened for immediate use?

A

By adding potassium permaganate to oxidize it.

28
Q

What are two eosinophilic tissue compounds that can be difficult to distinguish?

A

Collagen and muscle, a trichrome is ordered to distinguish between the two.

29
Q

In what organ are small amounts of ferric ions usually found?

A

The spleen.

30
Q

What is the color range seen in the Rowanowsky stain a result of:

A

The combination of the derivatives of methylene blue and eosin.

31
Q

What is the major disadvantage of using crystal violet for the demonstration of amyloid?

A

The preparation is not permanent.

32
Q

A tissue has been fixed in NBF. To achieve optimum results with the Mallory PTAH stain, how should the microscope section be treated?

A

IT should be mordanted with either Zenker or Bouin solution.

33
Q

When checking a control slide stained with Luxol fast blue, there should be a sharp differentiation between what two types of cells?

A

The gray and white matter.

34
Q

When will you yield the best results from a PTAH staining solution procedure?

A

The staining solution should be ripened naturally.

35
Q

What is a good example of a hydrophobic mounting medium?

A

Synthetic resins.

36
Q

How are spirochetes in fixed tissue best demonstrated?

A

By metallic impregnation.

37
Q

Sections stained with oil-soluble dyes must be mounted in what kind of media?

A

They must be mounted in a medium that will not dissolve the lipids.

38
Q

How does HCL react with DNA in the Feulgen reaction?

A

It creates aldehyde groups.

39
Q

Tissue from what organ should be selected as a control for the Alcian blue?

A

Colon, we use small bowel at work.

40
Q

Sections were stained using the microwave oven. The tissue at the top of the slide stained darker then the bottom portion. What happened?

A

The solution hadn’t been adequately agitated.

41
Q

What is the purpose of diastase in the PAS stain?

A

Diastase is used to remove glycogen.

42
Q

What is the main component demonstrated in a section stained with Luxol fast blue and counterstained with cresyl violet?

A

Nissl substance.

43
Q

An alcian blue stain at 2.5 pH has been requested, but no alcian blue is available. What procedure could be performed instead?

A

The colloidal iron could be performed instead.

44
Q

How does borax ferricyanide differentiate the tissue in the Weil stain?

A

Oxidation.

45
Q

How is regressive hematoxylin staining defined?

A

The desired element is first overstained, then differentiated, we do this at work with our routine H&E stainer.

46
Q

What stain may be used to demonstrate glycogen, polysaccharides and glycoproteins?

A

The PAS stain.

47
Q

A fresh solution of equal parts HCl and potassium ferrocyanide gives a positive reaction with what stain?

A

The Iron stain.

48
Q

What kind of reaction can a tissue fixed in Bouin solution NOT work with?

A

The Feulgen reaction.

49
Q

What procedure would be selected for the demonstration of axons?

A

The Bodian stain.

50
Q

What is a dye lake?

A

A mordant in combination with a dye.

Histology HTL Exam- BOC Study Guide (15 decks)

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