Chapter 8: Cognitive and Language Development Flashcards
What is the psychometric approach to cognitive development the basis of?
It is the basis of the wide variety of intelligence tests available for assessing children’s mental abilities.
What is crystallised intelligence?
Skills that depend on accumulated knowledge and experience, good judgement and mastery of social customs.
What is fluid intelligence?
Depends more heavily on basic information-processing skills. Influenced more by conditions in the brain and less by culture.
What is the triarchic theory of successful intelligence made up of?
- Analytical intelligence
- Creative intelligence
- Practical intelligence
What is the environmental cumulative deficit hypothesis?
Suggests that the negative effects of underprivileged rearing conditions increase the longer children remain in those conditions. As a result, early cognitive deficits lead to more deficits, which` become harder to overcome.
What is dynamic assessment?
The adult introduces purposeful teaching into the testing situation to find out wheat the child can attain with social support.
What variables does socioeconomic status consist of?
- Years of education
- Prestige of one’s job and the skill it requires
- Income
What is stereotype threat?
The fear of being judged on the basis of a negative stereotype can trigger anxiety that interferes with performance.
What is divergent thinking?
The generation of multiple and unusual possibilities when faced with a task or a problem.
What is the investment theory of creativity?
Pursuing a novel project increases the chances of arriving at a creative, highly valued product. But whether a person invests in novelty depends on that person’s cognitive, personality, motivational, and environmental resources.
