Chapter 8- Chemical Equations and Reactions

Question 1

What state are ionic compounds assumed to be?

Answer 1

Solids

Question 2

What state are molecular compounds assumed to be?

Answer 2

Gases

Question 3

What state are acids assumed to be?

Answer 3

Aqueous (aq)

Question 4

What is a chemical reaction?

Answer 4

The process by which one or more substances are changed into one or more different substances

Question 5

What are the reactants and the products in a chemical reaction?

Answer 5

Reactants- original substances

Products- resulting substances

Question 6

What is the law of conservation of mass?

Answer 6

The total mass of the reactants must equal the total mass of the products for any given chemical reaction

Question 7

What does a chemical equation do?

Answer 7

Represent, with symbols and formulas, the identities and relative amounts of the reactants and products in a chemical equation

Question 8

What are five observations that indicate a chemical reaction has taken place?

Answer 8

1- Energy as heat
2- Energy as light
3- Production of a gas
4- Formation of a precipitate
5- Change in color

Question 9

What is a precipitate?

Answer 9

A solid that is produced as a result of a chemical reaction in a solution and that separates or “falls out of” the solution

Question 10

What are the 7 elements that exist as diatomic molecules?

Answer 10

Br-I-N-Cl-H-O-F

Bromine, iodine, nitrogen, chlorine, hydrogen, oxygen, fluorine

Question 11

What are the two elements that exist as more than diatomic, and how many atoms is their molecule made of?

Answer 11

Sulfur-8

Phosphorus-4

Question 12

What does a word equation do?

Answer 12

Represent, in words, the reactants and products

Question 13

What does a formula equation do?

Answer 13

Represent, in formulas with (state), the reactants and products

Question 14

What state is water assumed to be?

Answer 14

Liquid

Question 15

What are the five basic types of reactions?

Answer 15

Synthesis, decomposition, combustion, single/double displacement

Question 16

What happens in a synthesis reaction?

Answer 16

Two or more substances combine to form a new compound

Question 17

What does a metal and oxygen yield?

Answer 17

Metal oxide

Question 18

What does a group 1 or 2 metal and sulfur yield?

Answer 18

A metal sulfide

Question 19

What does a metal and a halogen yield?

Answer 19

A halide

Question 20

What does a metal oxide and water yield?

Answer 20

A metal hydroxide

Question 21

What happens in a decomposition reaction?

Answer 21

A single compound undergoes a reaction that produces two or more simpler substances

Question 22

What is electrolysis?

Answer 22

The decomposition of a substance by an electric current

Question 23

What do metal oxides break down to?

Answer 23

Their elements

Question 24

What do metal carbonates break down to?

Answer 24

A metal oxide and carbon dioxide

Question 25

What do metal hydroxides break down to?

Answer 25

Metal oxides and water

Question 26

What do metal chlorates break down to?

Answer 26

A metal chloride and oxygen

Question 27

What happens in a combustion reaction?

Answer 27

A substance combines with oxygen, releasing a large amount of energy as heat and light

Question 28

What does complete combustion form?

Answer 28

Water and carbon dioxide

Question 29

What does incomplete combustion form?

Answer 29

Water and carbon monoxide

Question 30

S-D

Metal and water

Answer 30

Displaces hydrogen to yield a metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas

Question 31

S-D

Metal and an acid

Answer 31

Displaces the hydrogen to yield the metal with whatever was bonded to the hydrogen and hydrogen gas

Question 32

How can you tell the comparative reactivity of a halogen when you have a periodic table?

Answer 32

Highest is Fluorine, it goes down as you go down the table

Question 33

What are the three products that signal a double-displacement?

Answer 33

Precipitate, gas, water