Chapter 7

Question 1

What are molecular compounds usually made of?

Answer 1

Nonmetals atoms

Question 2

What is an acid?

Answer 2

A molecular compound that releases hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water

Question 3

Where are the elements that only form one type of ion, how do you name them and what are the weird ones?

Answer 3

Group 1, 2 and 13 (as well as silver=Ag+, zinc=Zn+2 and cadmium=Cd+2). The element name plus the word ion.

Question 4

What is the system that is used to name transition metals and other metals that form more than one ion, and how do you use it?

Answer 4

Stock system, write the element name (the charge in Roman numerals) and ion

Question 5

How do you write a nonmetal ion?

Answer 5

Element stem name + ide + ion

Ex: oxygen is oxide ion (O-2)

Question 6

What is the rule for writing compounds?

Answer 6

They must be neutral (total negative charge cancels out the total positive charge)

Question 7

What is the rule for writing a compound when the two ions have exactly opposite charges?

Answer 7

There is one of each

Question 8

What are ionic compounds usually made of?

Answer 8

A metal and a nonmetal

Question 9

If two monatomic ions have different charges, how do you get the formula?

Answer 9

Crossover rule, switch superscripts and simply

Question 10

If two ions have different charges and you have at least one polyatomic ion, how do get the formula?

Answer 10

Crossover rule, switch superscripts and simply

Question 11

What is the prefix for one?

Answer 11

Mono, only on 2nd

Question 12

What is the prefix for two?

Answer 12

Di

Question 13

What is the prefix for three?

Answer 13

Tri

Question 14

What is the prefix for four?

Answer 14

Tetra

Question 15

What is the prefix for five?

Answer 15

Penta

Question 16

What is the prefix for six?

Answer 16

Hexa

Question 17

What is the prefix for seven?

Answer 17

Hepta

Question 18

What is the prefix for eight?

Answer 18

Octa

Question 19

What is the prefix for nine?

Answer 19

Nona

Question 20

What is the prefix for ten?

Answer 20

Deca

Question 21

How do you write molecular compounds?

Answer 21

First element- prefix+name, second element - prefix+name+ide

Question 22

How do you name ionic compounds?

Answer 22

Name the cation and the anion and remove ion (use crossover to ensure neutrality)

Question 23

How do you name acids?

Answer 23

If there is only hydrogen and another element (hydro-base+ic acid), if there is hydrogen and an oxygen then if it ends in ate (base+ic acid), if it ends in ite (base+ous acid)

Question 24

What is the rule for the oxidation number for pure compounds?

Answer 24

They are zero

Question 25

What is the rule for the most or least electronegative atom, assuming that there is not a weird atom?

Answer 25

The most one has the number that is what it would have as an anion, the least has the number that is what is would have as a cation

Question 26

What is the oxidation number for fluorine?

Answer 26

-1

Question 27

What is the oxidation number for oxygen?

Answer 27

-2 except when it is called peroxide (-1) and when it is with fluorine (+2)

Question 28

What is the oxidation number for hydrogen?

Answer 28

+1 when it is with more electronegative coumpounds, -1 when it is with metals

Question 29

What is the rule about the oxidation numbers in neutral coumpounds?

Answer 29

They equal zero

Question 30

What is the rule about the oxidation numbers of polyatomic atoms?

Answer 30

They equal to the charge on the ion

Question 31

What is formula mass?

Answer 31

The sum of the average atomic masses of all atoms represented in its formula (amu)

Question 32

What is the molar mass?

Answer 32

The sum of the mass in grams of one mole of a substance (g/mol)

Question 33

How do you go from moles to grams?

Answer 33

Moles/1 * grams/moles

Question 34

How do you find the mass percentage of an element in a compound if you have the mass in grams of a compound?

Answer 34

Mass of element in sample compound/mass of sample compound *100

Question 35

How do you find the mass percentage of an element in a compound if you have the molar mass of a compound?

Answer 35

Molar mass of element in compound/ molar mass of compound * 100

Question 36

What is percentage composition?

Answer 36

Percentage by mass of each element in a compound