Chapter 8 - Axial Skeleton

Question 1

skull

frontal bone

Answer 1

forms forehead and part of the root of the cranium

Question 2

skull

parietal bone

Answer 2

form most of cranial roof and part of its lateral walls

Question 3

skull

temporal bones

Answer 3

form lateral walls and part of floor of cranial cavity

Question 4

skull

occipital bone

Answer 4

forms rear and base of skull

Question 5

skull

sphenoid bone

Answer 5

(temple)
keystone bone of the skull

Question 6

skull

ethmoid bone

Answer 6

located between etes, contributes to medial wall of orbit, walls and roof of nasal cavity, and nasal septum

Question 7

skull

skull cavities

Answer 7

cranial cavity
obital cavity
oral cavity
nasal cavity
paranasal sinuses

Question 8

function of facial bones

Answer 8

• provide shape to each individual’s face
• form part of the orbit and nasal cavity
• support teeth
• attachament of muscles involved in facial expression and chewing

Question 9

lacrimal bones (2)

Answer 9

• form part of medial wall of orbits
• tear production = lacrima means tears

Question 10

nasal bones

Answer 10

• most anterior portion of the facial area
• forms the bridge of the nose, tip is cartilage
• most commonly fractured facial bone

Question 11

inferior nasal conchae

Answer 11

• located inside the nasal cavity
• creates turbulence in inhaled air, helps warm the air

Question 12

vomer

Answer 12

• articulates with the maxilla and the ethmoid bone
• forms the nasal septum with the ethmoid bone

Question 13

mandible

Answer 13

• forms entire lower jaw
• supports teeth and muscles for mastication (chewing)
  mandible and the temporal bone form a joint called the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
• allows us to move our jaw when we talk/chew

Question 14

zygomatic (2)

Answer 14

cheekbones
found between the maxilla and temporal bones

Question 15

maxilla (2)

Answer 15

• keystone of the facial bones
• form upper jaw, inferior orbit area, and support teeth

Question 16

palatine (2)

Answer 16

• small distinct L shape
• part of the hard palate, nasal cavity and orbit

Question 17

mastoid process

Answer 17

achoring site for muscles that move the neck

Question 18

styloid process

Answer 18

site for attachment of many hyoid and tongue muscles

Question 19

definition of sutures of the skull

Answer 19

• immovable fibrous joints that form the boundaries between the cranial bones
• allow the cranium to grow/expand during childhood
• dense regular connective tissue seals cranial bones firmly together at a suture

Question 20

sagittal suture

Answer 20

line that separates left and right parietal bones

Question 21

coronal suture

Answer 21

line that separates frontal and parietal bones

Question 22

lambdoidal suture

Answer 22

line that separates parietal and occipital bones

Question 23

squamous suture

Answer 23

line that separates parietal and temporal bones

Question 24

vertebral column

Answer 24

• composed of 26 bones (24 vertebrae, 2 fused bones)
• vertical support for the body
• support the weight of the head
• house and protect the spinal cord
• provide a passageway for spinal nerves connecting to the spinal cord

Question 25

true ribs vs false ribs

Answer 25

true ribs: attached directly through cartilage to sternum
false ribs: attached indirectly through cartilage to sternum