Chapter 8, Amino Acids

Question 0

What properties do amino acids have?

Answer 0

Basic and acidic

Question 1

What 2 functional groups do amino acids have?

Answer 1

-COOH and -NH2

Question 2

How many naturally occurring amino acids are there?

Answer 2

20

Question 3

What is the simplest amino acid?

Answer 3

Amino ethanoic acid

Question 4

Is amino ethanoic acid optically active?

Answer 4

No- it has 2 groups the same, no chiral carbon

Question 5

Are other amino acids optically active?

Answer 5

Yes because they have a chiral carbon and 4 different groups attached

Question 6

What is the other name for the simplest amino acid?

Answer 6

Glycerine

Question 7

What happens to the species in a strong acid?

Answer 7

The NH2 becomes NH3+

Question 8

What happens to the species in a strong base?

Answer 8

The COOH becomes COO-

Question 9

What type of ion is the species in neutral?

Answer 9

Zwitterion

Question 10

What happens when the species is a Zwitterion?

Answer 10

The NH2 becomes NH3+

The COOH becomes COO-

Question 11

What is the isoelectric point of an amino acid?

Answer 11

It is the pH when the amino acids have no net charge.

Question 12

What form is the species at its isoelectric point?

Answer 12

It is a dipolar Zwitterion

Question 13

What do amino acids form when the link together?

Answer 13

Proteins

Question 14

What is the bond between amino acids called?

Answer 14

Peptide

Question 15

What does the hydrolysis of (poly)proteins make?

Answer 15

It’s constituents amino acids

Question 16

What cause the hydrolysis of (poly)proteins?

Answer 16

Reaction with a specific acid or enzyme

Question 17

How can mixtures of amino acids be separated?

Answer 17

Paper/thin layer chromatography

Question 18

What must happens for amino acids to be seen during chromatography?

Answer 18

They must be sprayed with a dye to reveal them because they are colourless

Question 19

What IMF occurs between amino acids?

Answer 19

Hydrogen bonding

Question 20

What is the primary structure of amino acids?

Answer 20

The sequence of amino acids- peptide chain

Question 21

What forms the basis of the secondary structure of amino acids?

Answer 21

It is governed by hydrogen bonding, this results in helix or sheets being formed.