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Chemistry Unit 4 > Chapter 5, Carbonyl Groups (Carboxylic Acids and Esters) > Flashcards

Chapter 5, Carbonyl Groups (Carboxylic Acids and Esters) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a carboxylic acid?

A

A weak acid that can liberate C02 from carbonates

They have all the typical reactions with metals to produce salt+water

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2
Q

Higher the Ka value…

A

…the greater the dissociation of the acid adn the greater the strength

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3
Q

Carboxylic acid reacts with___ in the presence of ___ to produce___

A

Alcohols
A strong acid catalyst
An ester

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4
Q

The distinctive property of an ester is?

A

It is sweet smelling

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5
Q

Methylethanoate is produced from?

A

Methanol + Ethanoic Acid

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6
Q

What is an example of a strong acid catalyst?

A

H2SO4

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7
Q

What are the uses of esters?

A

Solvents, Plasticisers, Perfumes, Food Flavourings

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8
Q

What are the 2 types of hydrolysis or esters?

A

Acid hydrolysis

Alkaline hydrolysis

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9
Q

What does acid hydrolysis produce?

A

The acid + the alcohol

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10
Q

What does alkaline hydrolysis produce?

A

Salt of the acid + the alcohol

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11
Q

E.G acid hydrolysis of ethylmethanoate…

A

CH2COOH + H2O= HCOOH + C2H5OH

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12
Q

What are esters formed from glycerol and fatty acids called?

A

Triglycerides

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13
Q

What are triglyceride’s formed from?

A

Fatty acids and glycerol

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14
Q

What are triglyceride hydrolysed by?

A

NaOH

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15
Q

What are the key properties of glycerol?

A

It has 3 O-H groups
therefore has a high affinity for water
Exhibits extensive hydrogen bonding

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16
Q

What is glycerol used for?

A

It is added to food to prevent them from drying out

17
Q

What is biodiesel formed from?

A

A mixure of methyl esters of long chain carboxylic acids

18
Q

How are the materials for biodiesel formed?

A

Transesterification

19
Q

What is transesterification?

A

It is the reaction of an alcohol and an ester to produce a different ester and alcohol

20
Q

Where are the materials for biodiesel obtained?

A

Vegetable oils

21
Q

How are vegetable oils converted into biodiesel?

A

By reaction with methanol, in the presence of a acid-based catalyst.

22
Q

How can biodiesel be used?

A

It can be used alone or mixed with petrol diesel.

23
Q

What are the pros of using biodiesel?

A

Using less fossil fuels

Using renewable sources

24
Q

What are the cons of using biodiesel?

A

Uses up land space which could be used for food

Relatively new process

Chemistry Unit 4 (14 decks)

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