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Airframes > Chapter 8 - Aircraft Environmental Systems > Flashcards

Chapter 8 - Aircraft Environmental Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two reasons for temperature control?

A

Maintain a suitable cabin temperature

Cools the heat released from cabin equipment and the occupants of the cabin

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2
Q

Humidity control helps to remove what?

A

Remove excess moisture from the cabin

To prevent low humidity

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3
Q

What can moisture cause?

A

It can cause misting of transparencies
It can cause malfunction of electronics
High humidity retards the body cooling which leads to rapid exhaustion

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4
Q

Ventilation control helps to prevent what?

A

CO2 rising above safe levels

Prevent the accumulation of unpleasant odours

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5
Q

Purity control helps to do what?

A

Maintain life sustaining composition of air
Ensure no other gases are introduced
Ensure fumes and dust particles are removed

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6
Q

What makes a basic air conditioning system?

A

Hot air
Cold air
Mixing unit
Controls

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7
Q

What can ice formation cause?

A

Loss of lift, increase in drag, a shift in the position of the C of G which may cause the aircraft to become unstable, restriction of the flying controls, failure of pressure systems.

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8
Q

What are the four factors that need to be controlled in cabin air con?

A

Temperature
Humidity
Purity
Ventilation

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9
Q

What are the three methods of ice protection?

A

Thermal
Fluids
Mechanical

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10
Q

How does mechanical de icing work?

A

From using the de icing boot. (Inflated with air which the. Creates ridges which then dislodges ice and then deflates again)

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11
Q

What are the ground de icing methods?

A

Soft broom brushing
Thermal
Fluid

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12
Q

What’s used for rain protection?

A

Screen wiper system

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13
Q

What are the maintenance checks for the screen wiper system?

A

Examine condition of the blade
Check range of movement
Check for correct pushed position
Examine condition of screen wash pipes effects
Check tension of wiper arm loading device

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14
Q

How is cooling achieved?

A

By using a basic vapour compression cycle.

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15
Q

How can boiling points of liquids be changed?

A

By increasing or decreasing the pressure acting on the liquid

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16
Q

High pressure =

Low pressure =

A

High boiling points

Low boiling point

17
Q

What happens in heat transfer?

A

Heat flows from the hot object to the colder object until the temperature of the objects are equal.

18
Q

Why must the process of heat transfer be reversed?

A

In order to cool an object below its normal temperature

19
Q

What does the refrigeration system require to provide a cooling effect?

A

An input of energy

20
Q

When gases are expanded and compressed what happens to their temperature?

A 
Expanded = cool 
Compressed = hot
21
Q

What happens to the gas when it goes into the compressor?

A

It turns into liquid

22
Q

What does the expansion valve cause?

A

Causes the substance n the pipes to decrease in pressure. Causing the boiling point to also decrease.

23
Q

What is a refrigerant?

A

Is the substance used in the refrigeration pipes. It must be a substance which is easily converted from a vapour to a liquid and vice a versa. The most common refrigerants are the chlorofluorocarbons or freon.

24
Q

What does a compressor do?

A

It sucks the vapour into the cylinder on the up stroke and forces it out, under pressure, on the down stroke.

25
Q

Within the condenser coil what two effects take place?

A

The refrigerant changes to a liquid.

The refrigerant gives off the heat gained in the compression process.

26
Q

What happens in the expansion valve?

A

The refrigerant pressure reduces as it passes through the expansion valve.

27
Q

Within the evaporator what two effects take place?

A

The refrigerant changes to a vapour.

The expanding refrigerant vapour cools and absorbs heat energy from the area near the evaporator.

28
Q

What are the 4 stages of refrigeration?

A

Compressing
Condensing
Expanding
Evaporating

29
Q

What 3 things change a refrigerants state?

A 
The condenser (V to L)
The evaporator (L to V) 
Transfer of latent heat
30
Q

What is latent heat?

A

The energy required to change the state of a substance

31
Q

What does latent mean?

A

Hidden

32
Q

How do you break or form bonds between particles?

A

Break (energy added)

Form (energy removed)

33
Q

Heat energy is removed from the refrigerant at 2 points, what 2 points?

A

Compressor

Condenser

34
Q

At what two points is heat energy absorbed by refrigerant?

A

Expansion valve

Evaporator

35
Q

What are the two types of heat absorption?

A

Latent heat absorption

Sensible heat absorption

36
Q

What’s the difference between latent heat and sensible heat?

A

Latent heat changes the state not the temperature and sensible heat only changes the temperature

Airframes (8 decks)

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