Chapter 8

Question 1

thyroid gland

Answer 1

a two-lobed gland located in the neck that reaches around the trachea laterally and connects anteriorly by an isthemus. The thyroid gland produces hormones used for metabolic function

Question 2

parathyroid glands

Answer 2

four small glands situated on the back of the thyroid gland that secrete parathyroid hormone

Question 3

Hypothyroidism

Answer 3

a condition in which the thyroid converts energy more slowly than normal, (insufficient production of thyroid hormone) resulting in an otherwise unexplained weight gain and fatigue

example-

E03.1 Congenital hypothyroidism without goiter

Question 4

Hyperthyroidism (aka thyrotoxicosis)

Answer 4

a condition in which the thyroid secretes too many hormones, more than the body needs to function properly.

example-

E05.90 Thyrotoxicosis, unspecified without thyrotoxic crisis or storm

Question 5

Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

Answer 5

a chronic system disease that results from insulin deficiency or resistance and causes the body to improperly metabolize carbohydrates, proteins and fats due to a malfunction of the pancreatic beta cells

Type 1

Type 2

Secondary

Gestational

Question 6

polydispia

Answer 6

excessive thirst

Question 7

polyuria

Answer 7

excessive urination

Question 8

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Answer 8

a sudden onset of insulin deficiency that may occur at any age but most often arises in childhood and adolescence; also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) juvenile diabetes or type I

Question 9

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Answer 9

a form of diabetes mellitus with a gradual onset that may develop at any age but most often occurs in adults over the age of 40 (currently also seeing this in children/ due to diet); also known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or type II

Question 10

Dyslipidemia

Answer 10

abnormal lipoprotien metabolism

Question 11

secondary diabetes mellitus

Answer 11

diabetes caused by medication or another condition or disease

Question 12

gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)

Answer 12

usually a temporary diabetes mellitus occurring during pregnancy; however, such patients have an increased risk of later developing type 2 diabetes

Question 13

hypoglycemics

Answer 13

prescription, non-insulin medications designed to lower a patients glycemic level

Question 14

hyperglycemia

Answer 14

abnormally high levels of glucose

chronic hyperglycemia may impair one’s resistance to infection, resulting in a diabetic skin problems and urinary tract infections

Question 15

hypogylcemia

Answer 15

abnormally low levels of glucose

a diabetic patient with hypoglycemia may have administered too much insulin or antidiabetic medication

or waited too long to eat (hangry)

Question 16

cushing’s syndrome

Answer 16

a condition resulting from the hyperproduction of corticosteroids, most often caused by an adrenal cortex tumor or a tumor of pituitary gland

Code Category E24 Cushing’s Syndrome

Question 17

overweight

Answer 17

weighing too much

Question 18

obesity

Answer 18

a condition calculated as a body mass index of 30 to 38.9. Typically a person becomes obese when more calories are consumed than expended.

-genetics and current medications can also influence this condition

Question 19

morbid obesity

Answer 19

diagnosed when a patient’s current overweight status increases to the extent that it actually interferes with normal, daily activates. BMI over 39

Question 20

congenital lactose deficiency

Answer 20

extremely rare, genetic disorder in which there is a failure of the small intestine to produce any, or enough, of the lactose enzyme.

E73.0 congenital lactase deficiency

Question 21

secondary lactase deficiency

Answer 21

manifests when an infection or disease causes the small intestine to malfunction in this way. These cases can be reversed with successful treatment of the underlying disease

E73.1 Secondary lactase deficiency

Question 22

other lactose intolerance

Answer 22

may be prompted by developmental lactase deficiency a short-term condition seen in premature neonates, or primary lactase deficiency (lactase nonperistence) the most frequently seen type of lactase deficiency. Typically, in these patients the small intestine’s production of lactase begins to decline around 2 years of age. Any of these diagnoses are reported with code

E73.8 Other lactose intolerance

Question 23

Graves’ disease (toxic diffuse goiter)

Answer 23

an autoimmune disorder which creates and antibody called thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) that fixes itself to thyroid cells

example

E05.11 Thyrotoxicosis with toxic single thyroid nodule with thyrotoxic crisis or storm

Question 24

Thyroiditis

Answer 24

An inflammation of the thyroid that causes thyroid hormone stored within the thyroid gland to leak out

example-

E06.4 Drug-induced thyroiditis

use additional code for adverse effect if applicable, to identify drug (T36-T50 with fifth or sixth character 5)

Question 25

Other disorders of the Thyroid

Answer 25

code E03.9 Hypothyroidism, unspecified (Myxedema NOS)

category E04 Other nontoxic goiter

Cod E06.3 Autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto’s thyroiditis)

Question 26

Ophthalmic Manifestations of (DM)

Answer 26

retinopathy, maculopathy

Question 27

Neurologic Manifestations of (DM)

Answer 27

neuropathy

Question 28

Renal Manifestations (DM)

Answer 28

nephropathy

Question 29

Circulatory Manifestations (DM)

Answer 29

peripheral vascular disease

Question 30

What are a couple of ways to test for Diabetes?

Answer 30

A1C Hemoglobin

-tells the story over the past 90 days, so doctors rely on this rating whole heartedly

Blood glucose

-levels are also a way to measure blood for diabetes

Question 31

How would you code long term drug use of (DM)?

Answer 31

Z79.4 Long-term (Current) use of insulin. NEVER reported for type 1 diabetics

Z79.84 Long Term (Current) use of oral hypoglycemic drugs. Reported for type 2 diabetics taking other drugs

Question 32

What is long term normally considered when it comes to DM drugs?

Answer 32

current

Question 33

Underdose of insulin by pump

Underdosing of prescribed medications

Answer 33

T85.614A Breakdown (mechanical) of insulin pump, initial encounter

Question 34

Underdose of medication because the patient cant afford it

Underdosing of prescribed medications

Answer 34

Z91.120 Patient’s intentional overdosing of medication regimen due to financial hardship

CODE FIRST underdosing of medication (T36-T50) with fifth or sixth character 6

Question 35

Diabetes Insipidus (D I)

Answer 35

a disorder of water metabolism; the result of an antidiuretic hormone (A D H) deficiency

N25.1 Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

Question 36

Cystic Fibrosis

Answer 36

a hereditary malfunction of the secretory glands’ a defect in the C F TR gene affects the glands that produce mucus and sweat, resulting in the creation of thick, sticky mucus and very salty sweat

there are manifestations that can develop in the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems as well as other maladies