Chapter 10 Flashcards
palpebrae
the eyelids’ singular palpebra
orbit
the bony cavity in the skull that houses the eye and its ancillary parts (muscles, nerves, blood vessels).
palpebral conjunctiva
a mucous membrane that lines the palpebrae
bulbar conjunctiva
a mucous membrane on the surface of the eyeball
moll’s glands
ordinary sweat glands
melbomian glands
sebaceous glands that secrete a tear film component that prevents tears from evaporating so that the area stays moist
glands of zeis
altered sebaceous glands that are connected to the eyelash follicles
blepharitis
inflammation of the eyelid
proptosis
bulging out of the eye; also known as exophthalmos
lacrimal apparatus
a system in the eye that consists of the lacrimal glands, the upper canaliculi, the lower canaliculi, the lacrimal sac, and the nasolacrimal duct
dacryocystitis
lacrimal gland inflammation
extraocular muscles
the muscles that control the eye
conjunctivites
inflammation of the conjunctiva
sclera
the membranous tissues that covers all of the eyeball (except the cornea): also known as the white of the eye
cornea
transparent tissue covering the eyeball; responsible for focusing light into the eye and transmitting light
keratitis
an inflammation of the cornea, typically accompanied by an ulceration
corneal dystrophy
growth of abnormal tissues on the cornea, often related to a nutritional deficiency
lens
a transparent, crystalline segment of the eye, situated directly behind the pupil, that is responsible for focusing light rays as they enter the eye and travel back to the retina
vitreous chamber
the interior segment of the eye that contains the vitreous body
accommodation
adaptation of the eye’s lens to adjust for varying focal distances
pupil
the opening in the center of the iris that permits light to enter and continue on to the lens and retina
cataract
clouding of the lens or lens capsule of the eye
uveal tract
the middle layer of the eye, consisting of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid
iris
the round, pigmented muscular curtain in the eye
cillary body
the vascular layer of the eye that lies between the schlera and the crystalline lens.
choroid
the vascular layer of the eye that lies between the retina and the sclera
retina
a membrane in the back of the eye that is sensitive to light and functions as the sensory end of the optic nerve.
rod
an elongated, cylindrical cell within the retina that is photosensitive in low light
cones
a receptor in the retina that is responsible for light and color
retinal detachement
a break in the connection between the retinal pigment epithelium layer and the neural retina
glaucoma
the condition that results when poor draining of fluid causes an abnormal increase in pressure within the eye, damaging the optic nerve
retinopathy
degenerative condition of the retina
externally
anatomy of the eye
the palpebrae (eyelids) cover the eyeballs. some people think eyelids are made of epidermis, like regular skin; however, they are really composted of connective tissue
internally
anatomy of the eye
the organ that is commonly referred to as the eye consists of; the eyeball, the optic nerves, the extraocular muscles, the cranial nerves, the blood vessels, orbital adipose (fat), and the lacrimal system.
externally
anatomy of the ear
the cupped-like part of the ar on the sides of the head is called the auricle or pinna. leading from the outside is the external auditory canal (or acoustic meatus), which ends at the tympanic membrane (eardrum)
internally
anatomy of the ear
middle ear- houses the three smallest bones in the human body; the malleus, the incus, and the stapes
internal ear is comprised of the labyrinth, the semicircular canals, the cochlea, and the organ of corti
