chapter 8

Question 1

one somatic cell forms 2 identical daughter cells

Answer 1

cell division

Question 2

body cell

Answer 2

somatic

Question 3

study of physical inheritence

Answer 3

genetics

Question 4

collection of an organisms genetic information

Answer 4

genome

Question 5

found on dna as genes

Answer 5

genome

Question 6

basic unit of hereditary

Answer 6

genome

Question 7

why do cells divide

Answer 7

1. old cells die
2. cells grow too large
3. need more tissue

Question 8

circular chromosomes repilcate like animal cells

Answer 8

binary fission

Question 9

chromosomes attach to part of the PM

Answer 9

binary fission

Question 10

septum grows along the middle, separating the 2 chromosomes

Answer 10

binary fission

Question 11

3 main steps in replication

Answer 11

1. dna replication
2. mitosis
3. cytokinesis

Question 12

unique sequence of bases which codes for a specific protein

Answer 12

gene

Question 13

where does dna replication occur

Answer 13

nucleus

Question 14

dna wrapped around proteins

Answer 14

condensed chromatin

Question 15

bundles of dna

Answer 15

chromosomes

Question 16

sister chromatids are attached at….

Answer 16

at the centeromere

Question 17

2 main phases of cell replication

Answer 17

1. interphase

2. mitotic

Question 18

controlled by proteins

Answer 18

interphase

Question 19

regulates cell division

Answer 19

interphase

Question 20

3 stages of interphase

Answer 20

1. gap 1
2. sythesis
3. gap 2

Question 21

dna is replicated

Answer 21

sythesis

Question 22

normal functions of cell

transcription, translation and cellular respiration

Answer 22

gap 1

Question 23

normal functions

continue to prepare for mitosis

Answer 23

gap 2

Question 24

4 stages of mitotic cycle

Answer 24

1. prophase
2. metaphase
3. anaphase
4. telophase

Question 25

microtublules help separate the daughter chromosomes

Answer 25

mitotic spindle

Question 26

attach to microtublules to “pull” on spindle fibers

Answer 26

centrosomes

Question 27

align on each end of the cell pole

Answer 27

centrosomes

Question 28

4 major drivers of diversity

Answer 28

1, cross-over event

2. independent assortment
3. independent assortment
4. sexual reproduction

Question 29

cross - over event happens in

Answer 29

prophase 1

Question 30

independent assortment happens in

Answer 30

metaphase 1 and 2

Question 31

what does spermatogenesis produce

Answer 31

4 identical functioning sperm

Question 32

polar bodies are

Answer 32

non functional

Question 33

protein filaments contract around the cellular equator causing a cleavage furrow

Answer 33

cytokinesis

Question 34

PM is pinched together then fuse

Answer 34

cytokinesis

Question 35

difference is plant mitosis

Answer 35

centrosomes are not used

Question 36

matched pairs of chromosomes

Answer 36

homologous chromosomes

Question 37

location of specific genes

Answer 37

locus

Question 38

non-sex determining chromosomes

Answer 38

autosomes

Question 39

how many pairs of autosomes

Answer 39

22

Question 40

how many pairs of sex chromosomes

Answer 40

1

Question 41

are sex chromosomes homologous

Answer 41

NO

Question 42

contain 23 chromosomes

Answer 42

gametes

Question 43

when gametes combine there are…

Answer 43

23 pairs of homologous chromosomes

Question 44

haploid cells

Answer 44

sperm and egg

Question 45

cells with a single set of chromosomes

Answer 45

haploid

Question 46

cells with 2 sets of chromosomes

Answer 46

diploid

Question 47

formation of 4 haploid cells from 1 diploid

Answer 47

meiosis

Question 48

formation of 1 zygote (diploid) from 2 haploid cells

Answer 48

fertilization

Question 49

pair of homologous chromosomes in synapis

Answer 49

tetrad