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Biology > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

ATP is made of

A

adenosine

3 phosphate groups

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2
Q

add a phosphate to ADP forming

A

ATP (endergonic)

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3
Q

removing a phosphate to ATP forming

A

ADP (exergonic)

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4
Q

all cells make ATP from

A

glucose and oxygen

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5
Q

to make ATP plants must first

A

go through photosynthesis

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6
Q

to make ATP animals must

A

eat plants

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7
Q

taking stored energy and turning it into usable energy

A

cellular respiration

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8
Q

cellular respiration produces

A

32 ATP from 1 glucose

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9
Q

energy units needed to raise 1 kg water to 1 degree C

A

kilocalories

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10
Q

glucose’s carbon-hydrogen bonds break

A

redox reaction

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11
Q

electrons lost by food

A

redox reaction

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12
Q

power uphill process that produces ATP

A

redox reaction

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13
Q

one substance loses electrons to another

A

redox reaction

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14
Q

one goes through oxidation one goes through reduction

A

redox reaction

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15
Q

loses electrons or gains hydrogen ions

A

oxidation

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16
Q

increase in positive charge

A

oxidation

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17
Q

gains electrons or loses hydrogen ions

A

reduction

18
Q

decrease in positive charge

A

reduction

19
Q

lost electrons bind to electron carriers

A

electron transfer

20
Q

carry electrons from one part of energy harvesting process to another

A

electron transfer

21
Q

most important electron carrier

A

NAD

22
Q

easily reversible

A

NAD

23
Q

moves from empty state (NAD+) to full state (NADH)

A

NAD

24
Q

NAD+ picks up 1 H+ and 2 electrons from food to become NADH

A

redox reaction

25
Q

another electron carrier

A

FAD and FADH2

26
Q

final energy acceptor

A

oxygen

27
Q

3 steps of cellular respiration

A

glycolysis
krebs cycle
oxidative phosphorylation

28
Q

glucose split into 2 molecules

A

glycolysis

29
Q

many electrons are captured and CO2 is released

A

krebs cylce

30
Q

NADH and FADH2 bring electrons

A

oxidative phosphorylation

31
Q

glycolysis is

A

anaerobic (no oxygen needed)

32
Q

the krebs cycle and ETC are

A

aerobic (need oxygen)

33
Q

occurs in cytoplasm

A

glycolysis

34
Q

splits glucose into 2 pieces

A

glycolysis

35
Q

glycolysis produces

A

2 pyruvic acid molecules
2 NADH
2 net ATP
2 H2O

36
Q

NADH moves on to the ETC

A

intermediate step (pyruvate oxidation)

37
Q

pyruvic acid moves to krebs cycle in a new form

A

intermediate step (pyruvate oxidation)

38
Q

each pyruvic acid molecule combines with

A

coenzyme A

39
Q

Aceetyl coenzyme A is formed

A

intermediate step (pyruvate oxidation)

40
Q

what is formed in the intermediate step (pyruvate oxidation)

A

1 molecule of CO2 and 1 NADH
2 Acetyl COA
2 CO2
2 NADH

Biology (24 decks)

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