Chapter 8 Flashcards
reproduction may be
- sexual
2. asexual
sexual reproduction
combining genetic info from two individuals
always involves development from a single cell
asexual reproduction
production of new individuals through cell division (mitosis and cytokinesis)
in multicelled organisms there are 2 proceses:
1. production of a multi-celled individual
2. development from a single cell
what is usually the only form of reproduction in prokaryotes
asexual
asexual reproduction is common in
single celled eukaryotes
plants
fungi
examples of asexual reproduction in multicellular organisms
production of new multicellular individuals (budding)
asexual reproduction using
sex organs (development from unfertilized eggs)
drones (males bees) develop from unfertilized eggs (asexual reproduction)
workers and queens develop from fertilized eggs (sexual reproduction)
gene
unit of heredity
particular genes are always found in the same location
diploid
2 sets of genes
haploid
1 set of genes (half)
homologous chromosomes
chromosomes containing genes fro the same characteristics
one is inherited from the mother (maternal) and one is from the father (paternal)
alleles
different forms of a gene
homologous chromosomes may have different alleles, sister chromatids do not
sister chromatids have the same
copy of a gene, homologous chromsomes may not
gametes
haploid sex cells (egg and sperm)
there can be haploid cells that are not sex cells
meiosis
production of haploid cells from diploid cells