Chapter 8 Flashcards
general intelligence
cognitive processes that influence the ability to think and learn on all intellectual tasks
fluid intelligence
ability to think on the spot to solve novel problems (decrease slowly after adulthood)
crystallized intelligence
factual knowledge about the world (increase with age)
primary mental abilities
seven abilities proposed by thurstone as crucial to intelligence
word fluency. verbal meaning, reasoning, spatial visualization, numbering, rote memory, perceptual speed
three stratum theory of intelligence
Carrolls model that places g at the top of the intelligence hierarchy, 8 moderately general abilities in the middle, many specific processes at the bottom
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)
test to measure the intelligence of children 6 years or older
A verbal section that focuses on general knowledge of the world and skill in using language.
A performance section that focuses on spatial and perceptual abilities.
Each section includes six subtests
IQ
quantitative measure, within a mean of 100 and sd of 15, used to indicate a childs intelligence relative to that of other children of the same age
Flynn effect
consistent rise in average IQ scores that has occurred over the past 80 years in many countries
Caroline Abecedarian Project
comprehensive enrichment program for children from low income families
multiple intelligence theory
Gardners theory of intellect, based on the view that people possess at least 8 types of intelligence
linguistic, logical- mathematical, spatial, musical, naturalistic, bodily- kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal
Theory of successful intelligence
Sternbergs theory of intellect, based on the view that intelligence is the ability to achieve success in life
success depends on analytic, practical, and creative
phonemic awareness
ability to identify component sounds within words
stage 0
phonological recording skills
ability to translate letters into sounds and to blend sounds into words, informally called sounding out
stage 1
visually based retrieval
proceeding directly from the visual form of a word to its meaning
strategy- choice process
procedure for selecting among alternative ways of solving problems
mental model
cognitive processes used to represent a situation or sequence of events
dyslexia
inability to read and spell well despite having normal intelligence
comprehension monitoring
process of keeping track of ones understanding of a verbal description or text
script
typical sequence of actions used to organize and interpret repeated events, such as eating in restaurants, going to dr, writing reports
numerical magnitude represntation
mental models of the sizes, ordered along a less to more dimension
symbolic numerical magnitude
numbers expressed orally or in writing such as 7 or seven
mathematical equality
concept that the values on each side of the equal sign must be equivalent
gesture- speech mismatches
phenomenon in which hard movements and verbal statements convey different ideas
