Chapter 8 Flashcards
joint classification that does not allow any movement between articulating bones
synarthrosis
joint that allows only a small amount of movement between articulating bones
Amphiarthrosis
joint that allows freely moveable, allowing a wide variety of specific movements
Diarthrosis
joint classification; joints that are fastened together by dense regular collagenous connective tissue without a joint space between articulating bones
fibrous joint
joint classification; joints that are fastened together with cartilage without a joint space
cartilagenous joints
joint classification; diarthrosis joints have a layer of hyaline cartilage on articulating surface of each bone; joint space is a fluid-filled cavity found between articulating bones
synnovial joints
what’re 3 types of fibrous joints
suture, gomphoses, syndesmoses
immoveable joint between edges of bones that make up cranium; fully fused sutures are very stable, well suited for protecting brain
suture
immoveable joint between each tooth and its bony socket in jaw; periodontal ligament is a strong fibrous membrane that links tooth firmly to jaw bone
gomphosis
joint between tibia, fibula, ulna, and radius; bones are joined by an interosseous membrane or ligament composed of dense regular collagenous connective tissue, which allows for small amount of movement
syndemosis
joint where bones are united by a fibrocartilaginous pad or plug
symphysis
space found between articulating bones
joint cavity
double-layered structure (fibrous outer layer and a inner layer- synovial membrane)
articular cavity
what are the 3 functions of synovial fluid
- lubricates joints when they’re articulating
- Serves a metabolic function (acts as a medium that oxygen and other nutrients can move through)
- Provides for shock absorption
Provides a smooth surface for articulating bones to interact; reduces wear and tear created by friction; covers all exposed articulating bones within a joint; avascular
articular cartiledge
decreases angle between articulating bones by bringing bones closer to one another
flexion
increases angle between articulating bones, is opposite of flexion; articulating bones move away from one another
extension
extension beyond anatomical position of joint
hyperextension
motion of a body part away from midline of body or another reference point
abduction
motion of a body part towards midline of body or another reference point; opposite of abduction
adduction
only unpaired angular movement where a freely moveable distal bone moves on a fixed proximal bone in a cone-shaped motion; movement in a circle
circumduction
movement around a central axis
rotation
moves a body part in a inferior direction
depression
moves a body part in a superior direction
elevation
