Chapter 8

Question 1

joint classification that does not allow any movement between articulating bones

Answer 1

synarthrosis

Question 2

joint that allows only a small amount of movement between articulating bones

Answer 2

Amphiarthrosis

Question 3

joint that allows freely moveable, allowing a wide variety of specific movements

Answer 3

Diarthrosis

Question 4

joint classification; joints that are fastened together by dense regular collagenous connective tissue without a joint space between articulating bones

Answer 4

fibrous joint

Question 5

joint classification; joints that are fastened together with cartilage without a joint space

Answer 5

cartilagenous joints

Question 6

joint classification; diarthrosis joints have a layer of hyaline cartilage on articulating surface of each bone; joint space is a fluid-filled cavity found between articulating bones

Answer 6

synnovial joints

Question 7

what’re 3 types of fibrous joints

Answer 7

suture, gomphoses, syndesmoses

Question 8

immoveable joint between edges of bones that make up cranium; fully fused sutures are very stable, well suited for protecting brain

Answer 8

suture

Question 9

immoveable joint between each tooth and its bony socket in jaw; periodontal ligament is a strong fibrous membrane that links tooth firmly to jaw bone

Answer 9

gomphosis

Question 10

joint between tibia, fibula, ulna, and radius; bones are joined by an interosseous membrane or ligament composed of dense regular collagenous connective tissue, which allows for small amount of movement

Answer 10

syndemosis

Question 11

joint where bones are united by a fibrocartilaginous pad or plug

Answer 11

symphysis

Question 12

space found between articulating bones

Answer 12

joint cavity

Question 13

double-layered structure (fibrous outer layer and a inner layer- synovial membrane)

Answer 13

articular cavity

Question 14

what are the 3 functions of synovial fluid

Answer 14

1. lubricates joints when they’re articulating
2. Serves a metabolic function (acts as a medium that oxygen and other nutrients can move through)
3. Provides for shock absorption

Question 15

Provides a smooth surface for articulating bones to interact; reduces wear and tear created by friction; covers all exposed articulating bones within a joint; avascular

Answer 15

articular cartiledge

Question 16

decreases angle between articulating bones by bringing bones closer to one another

Answer 16

flexion

Question 17

increases angle between articulating bones, is opposite of flexion; articulating bones move away from one another

Answer 17

extension

Question 18

extension beyond anatomical position of joint

Answer 18

hyperextension

Question 19

motion of a body part away from midline of body or another reference point

Answer 19

abduction

Question 20

motion of a body part towards midline of body or another reference point; opposite of abduction

Answer 20

adduction

Question 21

only unpaired angular movement where a freely moveable distal bone moves on a fixed proximal bone in a cone-shaped motion; movement in a circle

Answer 21

circumduction

Question 22

movement around a central axis

Answer 22

rotation

Question 23

moves a body part in a inferior direction

Answer 23

depression

Question 24

moves a body part in a superior direction

Answer 24

elevation

Question 25

first carpometacarpal joint allows thumb to move across palmar surface of hand

Answer 25

opposition of thumb

Question 26

is opposite movement that returns thumb to its anatomical position

Answer 26

reposition of thumb

Question 27

moves a body part in an anterior direction

Answer 27

protraction

Question 28

moves a body part in a posterior direction

Answer 28

retraction

Question 29

is a rotational motion in which plantar surface of foot rotates medially toward midline of body

Answer 29

inversion

Question 30

rotates foot laterally away from midline

Answer 30

eversion

Question 31

is a movement where angle between foot and leg decreases

Answer 31

dorsiflexion

Question 32

angle between foot and leg increases during ______

Answer 32

plantarflexion