Chapter 7

Question 1

22 bones (8 cranial and 14 facial bones); encase brain and form face

Answer 1

skull- 1 of the views of the skull is only diagram on test

Question 2

33 bones; 24 individual bones protect spinal cord, and remaining bones are fused forming sacrum and coccyx

Answer 2

vertebral column

Question 3

12 pairs of ribs, sternum, and part of vertebral column; encases and protects lungs, heart, and other delicate contents of this cavity

Answer 3

thoraic cage

Question 4

forms body’s longitudinal axis, encases body cavities (to protect underlying organs)

Answer 4

axial skeleton

Question 5

bones of pectoral girdle, upper limb, pelvic girdle, and lower limb; structure primarily suited for movement, support, and muscle attachment

Answer 5

appendicular skeleton

Question 6

clavicle and scapula; anchors upper limb to trunk

Answer 6

pectorial girdle

Question 7

3 parts: arm consisting of humerus; forearm consisting of radius and ulna; and wrist and hand consisting of carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges

Answer 7

upper limb

Question 8

two pelvic bones and sacrum; anchors lower limb to trunk

Answer 8

pelvic girdle

Question 9

3 parts: thigh, consisting of femur; leg consisting of tibia and fibula; and ankle and foot consisting of tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges

Answer 9

lower limb

Question 10

Bones have a number of surface features including what 3 things?

Answer 10

depressions, openings, and projections

Question 11

All bones of the skull are fused to one another at immoveable joints called what

Answer 11

sutures

ecept mandible

Question 12

found within frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary bones (they are largest w/in maxillary)

Answer 12

paranasal sinuses

Question 13

grouped with skull bones because of its proximity although it doesn’t articulate with any skull bones (or any other bones)

Answer 13

hyoid

Question 14

what does the vertebral column do?

Answer 14

• protect spinal cord

- gives rigidity

Question 15

5 types of bones in _____ vertebrae and how many bones are in each?

Answer 15

1. Cervical- 7
2. Thoraic- 12
3. Lumbar- 5 bones
4. Sacral- 5
5. Coccygeal- 3-5

Question 16

characterized by abnormal lateral curvatures in vertebral column

Answer 16

scoliosis

Question 17

characterized by exaggerated cervical and lumbar curvatures

Answer 17

lordosis

Question 18

exaggeration of thoracic curvature resulting in a hunchback appearance

Answer 18

kyphosis

Question 19

largest and heaviest of all vertebrae, making them well-suited for bearing weight of torso

Answer 19

lumbar vertebrae

Question 20

larger than cervical vertebrae with heart-shaped bodies, circular vertebral foramina, and long spinous processes that point inferiorly ; has costal facets

Answer 20

thoraic vertebrae

Question 21

Easily identified by transverse foramina found in their transverse processes; allows passage of vertebral arteries and veins

Answer 21

cervical vertebrae

c1 and c2 are apart of thus

Question 22

Large, teardrop-shaped vertebral foramen; lacks a vertebral body; articulate with occipital bone and C2 respectively

Answer 22

c1 or atlas

Question 23

Prominent superior tooth-shaped projection called dens (odontoid process) protrudes from body; articulates with atlas at atlantoaxial joint; Allows for rotational movement of head at neck

Answer 23

axis

Question 24

5 fused l vertebrae form curved triangular-shaped posterior boundary of pelvic cavity

Answer 24

sacrum

Question 25

hornlike projections found on each side of superior aspect of coccyx

Answer 25

coccygeal cornu

Question 26

remnants of transverse processes; on posterior surface

Answer 26

transverse regions

Question 27

fibrocartilage pad found between bodies of adjacent vertebrae; absorbs shock and binds vertebral column together

Answer 27

intervertebral disks

Question 28

a part of the intervertebral disk; soft jelly-like substance; shock absorber

Answer 28

nucleus pulposus

Question 29

a part of the intervertebral disk; outer ring of fibro cartialedge that contains nucleus pulposes

Answer 29

anulus fibrosus

Question 30

consists of sternum, 12 pairs of ribs, and thoracic vertebrae, which form protective peripheral boundary of thoracic cavity

Answer 30

thoracic cage

Question 31

superiormost segment that has a suprasternal notch with a clavicular notch on either side, articulates with clavicles of pectoral girdle; part of thoracic cage

Answer 31

manubrium

Question 32

large middle segment of sternum

Answer 32

body

Question 33

inferior segment oc the sternum; protrusion that provides an attachment site for certain abdominal muscles

Answer 33

xyphoid process

Question 34

how do ribs attach to the thoracic vertebra?

Answer 34

Each rib attaches to a thoracic vertebra posteriorly

Question 35

how can you tell if it's a true rib or not?

Answer 35

- true rib is connected to cartiledge then the sternum | - false rib is connected to cartiledge and more cartiledge

Question 36

what consists of clavicle and scapula

Answer 36

pectoral girdle; appendicular region

Question 37

what end of the clavicle articulates laterally with acromion process of scapula

Answer 37

Acromial

Question 38

hook-shaped projection on anterior surface of the scapula

Answer 38

coracoid process

Question 39

inferior to coracoid process; provides an attachment site for subscapularis muscle; dished out region

Answer 39

subscapular region

Question 40

shallow indentation found on lateral surface of the scapula; articulates with humerus in shoulder joint

Answer 40

glenoid cavity

Question 41

posterior ridge of bone; crosses from medial to lateral along superior scapula and terminates as acromion at acromioclavicular joint (AC)

Answer 41

spine

Question 42

superior to spine; infraspinous fossa is inferior

Answer 42

supraspinous fossa

Question 43

largest and strongest bone of upper limb and only bone found in arm (front of arm is fore arm) (brachium); consists of two epiphyses that articulate with other bones and a long diaphysis

Answer 43

huerous | has a large humeral head

Question 44

what bones are in the forearm?

Answer 44

Lateral radius and medial ulna; held to one another by fibrous interosseous membrane

Question 45

what bone is narrow proximally, and progressively enlarges distally

Answer 45

radius

Question 46

what bone is widest at proximal epiphysis and progressively narrows as it travels distally; both epiphyses have the following anatomical features: u-shaped and coronoid process

Answer 46

ulna

Question 47

what bone consists of 8 short bones arranged in two rows containing four bones each

Answer 47

wrist/ carpal bone

Question 48

list the carpal bones from lateral to medial

Answer 48

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

Question 49

how are metacarpals labeled?

Answer 49

1-5 or I-V

Question 50

how do you label phalanges

Answer 50

Bones of fingers consist of 14 phalanges, each with a base, body, and head Each finger consists of 3 bones: a proximal, middle, and distal phalanx Thumb (pollex) consists of only a proximal and distal phalanx

Question 51

bone that's bowl-shaped and composed of sacrum and two coxal bones; creates boundary for pelvic cavity

Answer 51

pelvis

Question 52

what bone connects the lower limbs of the trunk, supports the pelvic organs, and transmits the weight of the trunk to the legs?

Answer 52

pelvic girdle

Question 53

what three bones make up the coxal bone (hipbone)?

Answer 53

- ilium - ishium - pubis

Question 54

what is the opening in each coxal bone, through which nerves and blood vessels travel; sits on top of ishium

Answer 54

obrator foramen

Question 55

a deep socket on lateral aspect of coxal bone

Answer 55

acetabulum

Question 56

largest and strongest bone in body and only bone in thigh; spherical head that articulates with acetabulum at hip joint

Answer 56

femur

Question 57

small pit in center of head where a small ligament attaches to stabilize joint

Answer 57

fovea capitis

Question 58

Sesamoid bone located within tendon of anterior thigh muscle; Proximal end of this is base and distal tip is apex

Answer 58

patella; knee cap

Question 59

what two bones make up the leg and are held together by interosular membrane

Answer 59

tibia and the fibula

Question 60

larger medial bone of leg; responsible for bearing weight of body; Condyles (concave depressions on this bone) are separated by a ridge called intercondylar eminence

Answer 60

tibia

Question 61

smaller lateral bone of leg, bears only one-sixth weight of tibia; Head of fibula articulates with lateral tibia proximally at proximal tibiofibular joint

Answer 61

fibula

Question 62

7 short bones make up ankle region; connects leg to foot

Answer 62

tarsals

Question 63

what're the names of the 7 tarsal bones

Answer 63

lateral cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, medial cuneiform, cuboid, navicular, talus, calcaneous

Question 64

how are the metatarsals labeled?

Answer 64

I-V starting with big toe

Question 65

how are phalanges labeled?

Answer 65

proximal, middle, distal

Question 66

olecranon fossea, capitulum, and trochelea are all part of which bone?

Answer 66

humerous