Chapter 8

Question 1

ending it

Answer 1

termination

Question 2

closing a counseling relationship has been associated with…

Answer 2

loss, not directly related to microskills

Question 3

positive life changes that come about as a result of suffering or struggling with natural or human-made traumatic events (hurricanes and wars)

Answer 3

post traumatic growth

Question 4

Important Functions of Termination

Answer 4

signals that something is finished
grounds counseling relationships in reality
opportunity for client to put insights/abilities into action
reminder to the client that he/she has matured

Question 5

What questions should be asked to make sure the timing of termination is right?

Answer 5

Has the client achieved contract goals?
Can the client concretely show where they have made progress in what they wanted to accomplish?
Is the counseling relationship helpful?
Has the content of the initial counseling relationship changed?

Question 6

How does termination happen?

Answer 6

client, counselor, mutual

Question 7

How to Close Individual Sessions

Answer 7

"Our time is up for today."
"We have 5-10 minutes left."
Nonverbal gestures
Summary of what took place/main points
Preview what to talk about next time
Any homework

Question 8

How does a counselor know when it is time to terminate?

Answer 8

More humor, less denial, anger, withdrawal, mourning, dependence; have symptoms been eliminated?, better coping skills, verbal commitments to future

Question 9

Areas of concern when deciding to end a counseling relationship

Answer 9

Has the client’s initial problem or symptoms been reduced/eliminated?
Has stress-producing feelings that led to counseling been eliminated?
Assessing client’s coping ability and degree of understanding of self and others and is able to love/be loved
Has client acquired abilities to plan and work productively
Can client better play and enjoy life?

Question 10

a gradual decrease in the unnatural structures developed to create desired changes

Answer 10

fading

Question 11

by giving clients the tools and skills to problem solve, they can learn to cope without a counseling relationship; from counseling experience to life

Answer 11

generalization

Question 12

Client Resistance to Closing

Answer 12

Asking for more time at the end of a session
Asking for more appointments once a goal has been reached
Development of new problems

Question 13

Successfully Dealing with Loss

Answer 13

Determine ways to make your transition a gradual process
Discover the significant that different activities have had in your life
Describe this significance to others
Delight in what you have gained and in what lies ahead of you
Define areas of continuity in your life

Question 14

Unsuccessfully Dealing with Loss

Answer 14

Deny the loss
Distort your experience any over glorifying it
Denigrate your activities and relationships
Distract yourself from thinking about departure
Detaching yourself abruptly from your activities and relationships

Question 15

sent to clients who fail to keep an appt and do not call to reschedule

Answer 15

“no show” letter

Question 16

Benefits from an Exit Interview

Answer 16

May help the client resolve any negative feelings resulting from the counseling relationship
Serves as a way to invite the client to continue counseling if he/she so wishes
Consider another form of treatment if client desires
May increase the change that the next time the client needs help, he/she will seek counseling

Question 17

Five Possible Reasons for Premature Termination by Client

Answer 17

1) to see whether the counselor really cares
2) to try to elicit positive feelings from the counselor
3) to punish or try to hurt the counselor
4) to show the counselor that the client has found a cure elsewhere
5) to express to the counselor that the client does not feel understood

Question 18

Preventing Premature Closing

Answer 18

appointments, orientation to counseling, consistency of counselor, reminders to motivate client attendance

Question 19

clients would be more likely to stay with counseling if they had this

Answer 19

orientation to counseling

Question 20

“GOOD” reasons for counselor to terminate

Answer 20

illness, working through countertransference, relocation, end of internship/practicum, extended trip, realization that client needs could be better served with someone else

Question 21

“POOR” reasons for counselor to terminate

Answer 21

feelings of anger, boredom, anxiety

Question 22

still vital to make sure goals are made and to review clients’ progress

Answer 22

permanent counselor-initiated closing

Question 23

4 Guidelines for Closing on a Positive Note

Answer 23

1) be aware of client’s needs and desires and allow the client time to express them
2) review the major events of the counseling experience and bring the review into the present
3) supportively acknowledge the changes the client has made
4) request followup contact

Question 24

checking to see how the client is doing, with respect to whatever the problem was sometime after the closing as occurred

Answer 24

follow up

Question 25

short term follow up

Answer 25

3-6 months after

Question 26

long term follow up

Answer 26

at least 6 months after closing

Question 27

Four ways to follow up

Answer 27

invite the client for a session
call
letter
mail/e-mail questionnaire

Question 28

involves arranging other assistance for a client when the initial arrangement is not or cannot be helpful

Answer 28

referral

Question 29

Reasons for a referral (IC)

Answer 29

client has a problem the counselor does not know how to handle
counselor is inexperienced in area, does not has skill
counselor knows a nearby expert who would be more helpful to the client
counselor and client have incompatible personalities
relationship between counselor and client is stuck in the initial phase of counseling

Question 30

Referrals involve a what, a what, and a what?

Answer 30

A how, when, and who

Question 31

an alternative when the counselor thinks the counseling process has not yet worked but can be made to do so re-examine all phases and goals!

Answer 31

recycling