Chapter 8 Flashcards
Basal metabolic rate:
A) is usually marginally lower than the resting metabolic rate
B) is measured directly in the human calorimeter
C) varies with age and sex
D) is related to fat-free body mass
E) All of the answer choices are correct
E
________ exerts the greatest thermic effect.
A) carbohydrate
B) lipid
C) protein
D) alcohol
C
Which of the following has the greatest effect on the total daily energy expenditure of a
sedentary individual?
A) metabolism during rest
B) metabolism during physical activity
C) dietary-induced thermogenesis
D) thermic effect of various hormones
A
MET indicates:
A) maximum metabolic rate
B) BMR
C) energy expenditure during sleep
D) energy expenditure during rest
E) minimum energy triangle
D
Dietary-induced thermogenesis reaches maximum about _______ after a meal.
A) 10 minutes
B) 1 hour
C) 3 hours
D) 6 hours
E) 24 hours
B
n general, resting metabolism expressed as kcal per unit body size is higher among
adults who are:
A) older
B) female
C) relatively lean
D) sedentary
C
Which of the following is a component of total daily energy expenditure?
A) resting metabolic rate
B) dietary-induced thermogenesis and other calorigenic influences
C) energy expenditure during physical activity and in recovery
D) All of the answer choices are correct
D
A useful classification of physical activity to express exercise intensity based on its
effect on resting metabolism is:
A) DIT
B) RMR
C) PAR
D) MET
D
Heart rate during physical activity with a large static and upper-body component is:
A) lower for a given submaximal intensity
B) higher for a given submaximal intensity
C) lower for a given submaximal oxygen uptake
D) None of the answer choices are correct
B
_______________ are used to estimate body surface area in humans.
A) stature and body mass
B) mass and percentage body fat
C) stature and FFM
D) stature and lean body mass
A
One MET averages approximately:
A) 1.0 L · kg-1 · min-1
B) 2.5 mL · kg-1 · min-1
C) 400 meq · min-1
D) 3.5 mL · kg-1 · min-1
E) None of the answer choices are correct
D
ex differences in BMR are largely explained by sex differences in:
A) daily physical activity
B) body surface area
C) body stature and mass
D) body composition
D
he minimal level of energy expenditure required to sustain bodily functions in the
waking state is called:
A) TDDE
B) MET
C) BSA
D) BMR
D
he heart rate-oxygen uptake (HR-VO2) line during treadmill running tends to act in
what way regarding the actual oxygen uptake when applied to upper body or static
exercise?
A) underpredicts
B) overpredicts
C) gives approximately the same value
D) overpredicts in the trained and underpredicts in the untrained
E) does not change because the HR-VO2 line remains constant
B
hich of these systems classifies the strenuousness of sustained physical activity in
terms of its effect relative to resting metabolic rate?
A) PAR
B) SDA
C) TDEE
D) RDA
A
For a typical person, the RMR accounts for about what percentage of the TDEE?
A) 15 to 30%
B) 20 to 30%
C) 40 to 50%
D) 60 to 70%
E) None of the answer choices are correct
D
hree main factors that determine total daily energy expenditure are:
A) body composition, BMR, and hormone level
B) thermogenic effect of food, body composition, and resting metabolic rate
C) resting metabolic rate, thermogenic effect of food, and energy expended during
physical activity and in recovery
D) resting and exercise hormone levels, environmental conditions, and body
composition
C
MR averages about __________ lower in women than in men.
A) 40%
B) 5 to 10%
C) 20 to 30%
D) 50%
E) None of the answer choices are correct
B
Which of the following statements about dietary induced thermogenesis is TRUE?
A) It reaches a maximum within one hour after a meal.
B) A meal of pure protein elicits the greatest thermic effect.
C) Obese individuals often have a blunted thermic response to food.
D) It varies among individuals.
E) All of the answer choices are true.
E
To estimate basal metabolic rate (BMR) per hour as a function of age and gender,
multiply the BMR as determined in the figure for either males or females by:
A) the subject’s total fat-free mass and height
B) the subject’s lean body mass and weight
C) the subject’s body surface area
D) the subject’s total body fat and height
(image)
C
n the image below, the main reason why the HR-VO2 line differs between Players A
and B is:
A) the players differed in their relative cardiovascular fitness status
B) player A was taller and weighed more
C) player B was taller and weighed less
D) player A was older and has less muscle mass
E) player B was younger but had more total body fat (image)
A
Which of the following is a key conclusion based on the oxygen uptake and body weight
data points during submaximal treadmill walking (see image below)?
A) Heavy people, on average, consume about the same amount of oxygen as other
heavy people.
B) As body weight increases, oxygen consumption increases disproportionately.
C) Oxygen uptake increases in direct proportion to increases in body weight.
D) There is a greater increase in oxygen uptake than the increase in body weight. (image)
C
Which of the following statements is a key conclusion based on the energy expenditure
relationship while walking and running at different velocities on the level (see image
below)?
A) The relative change in energy expenditure of running is less than that of walking.
B) At a certain walking speed it becomes less economical to continue walking and an
individual will start to jog and then run.
C) Older people weigh more than younger people and walk slower, causing a reduced
total energy expenditure.
D) Little difference exists between walking and running for energy expenditure at the
faster speeds. (image)
B
One of the greatest “pedestrian” sportsmen of all time was professional racewalker:
A) Edward Payson Weston
B) Archibald Vivian Hill
C) Edward Hitchcock, Jr.
D) George Wells Fitz
E) Austin Flint, Jr
A
The most economical cyclists exhibit a predominance of which type of muscle fiber?
A) fast twitch (type II) fibers
B) slow twitch (type II) fibers
C) slow twitch (type I) fibers
D) slow-contracting, low-tension lower leg muscle fibers
C
rue or false? Cyclists who exhibit the most economical cycling pattern possess a
greater percentage of slow twitch (type I) muscle fibers in their legs.
A) True
B) False
TRUE
True or false? An increase in fat-free body mass will generally have no effect on the
resting metabolic rate.
A) True
B) False
FALSE
true or false? There is no one optimal running style.
A) True
B) False
TRUE
rue or false? The average college-age American woman expends about 2600 kcal a
day.
A) True
B) False
FALSE
True or false? For most people, the actual BMR is within ±2% of the BMR predicted
from age and sex.
A) True
B) False
FALSE
