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A&P test #1 > chapter 8 > Flashcards

chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Any detectable change in the internal or external environment is called a
_______.
a. reception
b. transduction
c. stimulus
d. transmission

A

c. stimulus

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2
Q

Eyes, ears, nose, and taste buds are all examples of _______.
a. sense organs
b. proprioceptors
c. stimuli
d. sensory adaptors

A

a. sense organs

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3
Q

_______ is the process of converting the energy of a stimulus into
electrical energy.
a. Polarization
b. Integration
c. Transduction
d. Sensory adaptation

A

c. Transduction

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4
Q

_______ transduce mechanical energy such as touch, pressure, gravity,
stretching, and movement.
a. Chemoreceptors
b. Mechanoreceptors
c. Thermoreceptors
d. Photoreceptors

A

b. Mechanoreceptors

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5
Q

_______ respond to heat and cold.
a. Chemoreceptors
b. Mechanoreceptors
c. Photoreceptors
d. Thermoreceptors

A

d. Thermoreceptors

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6
Q

In sensory adaptation, the frequency of action potentials _______.
a. decreases in a sensory neuron even though the stimulus is maintained
b. increases in a sensory neuron even though
the stimulus is maintained
c. remains constant in a sensory neuron even
though the stimulus is maintained
d. decreases in a sensory neuron even though the stimulus is increased

A

a. decreases in a sensory neuron even though the stimulus is maintained

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7
Q

_______ helps us judge distances and depth.
a. A receptor potential
b. Binocular vision
c. Sensory adaptation
d. Transduction

A

b. Binocular vision

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8
Q

The six extrinsic muscles of the eye _______.
a. are located inside the anterior cavity and
function in support and movement
b. are located outside the eye and function in
positioning the eyeballs
c. synapse with the nerve endings of the
retina
d. focus the lens of the eye

A

b. are located outside the eye and function in
positioning the eyeballs

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9
Q

The transparent layer that covers the iris and the pupil at the front of the
eye is the _______.
a. cornea
b. conjunctiva
c. sclera
d. retina

A

a. cornea

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10
Q

The _______ is made up of black pigment cells that absorb light rays so
that they are not reflected back out of the eye.
a. retina
b. sclera
c. choroid
d. iris

A

c. choroid

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11
Q

The black spot, or opening in the circular muscle of the iris, is the
_______.
a. iris
b. retina
c. lens
d. pupil

A

d. pupil

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12
Q

The retina contains _______.
a. a jelly-like substance
b. muscles to adjust focus
c. the rods and cones
d. the lens of the eye

A

c. the rods and cones

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13
Q

For vision to occur, light must pass through the eye and _______.
a. stimulate the iris
b. form an image on the retina
c. refract the lens
d. stimulate opsin and retinal to form
rhodopsin

A

b. form an image on the retina

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14
Q

The part of the ear that projects from the side of the head and surrounds
the ear canal is the_______.
a. external auditory canal
b. tympanic membrane
c. eustachian tube
d. pinna

A

d. pinna

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15
Q

The ______ is the tube that connects the middle ear and the throat.
a. cochlea
b. stapes
c. eustachian
d. external auditory canal

A

c. eustachian

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16
Q

The _______ contains mechanoreceptors that convert sound waves to
nerve impulses.
a. inner ear
b. tympanic membrane
c. middle ear
d. oval window

A

a. inner ear

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17
Q

The sound receptors are located within the _______.
a. cochlea
b. vestibule
c. ossicles
d. tympanic membrane

A

a. cochlea

18
Q

The olfactory nerve _______.
a. transmits information regarding taste
b. transmits information regarding smell
c. helps us maintain the position of the body
d. transmits sound to the ossicles

A

b. transmits information regarding smell

19
Q

Chemical substances called _______ stimulate chemoreceptors in the
nasal cavity.
a. otoliths
b. papillae
c. odorants
d. cristae

A

c. odorants

20
Q

The sensation of _______ is a protective mechanism that makes us aware
of tissue injury.
a. touch
b. taste
c. smell
d. pain

A

d. pain

21
Q

A sensory receptor absorbs energy from a _______.
a. gland
b. muscle
c. sensory organ
d. stimulus

A

d. stimulus

22
Q

A receptor in the retina converts light into electrical energy, a process that

_______.
a. produces a receptor potential
b. is a graded response that generates an
action potential
c. is called transduction
d. is reception

A

c. is called transduction

23
Q

Compared to a mild pain, an intense pain would involve _______.
a. fewer action potentials
b. a greater frequency of action potentials
c. more rapid sensory adaptation
d. an all-or-none response

A

b. a greater frequency of action potentials

24
Q

Pain receptors, known as _______, respond to stimuli that could damage
the body.
a. chemoreceptors
b. nociceptors
c. photoreceptors
d. mechanoreceptors

A

b. nociceptors

25
Q

Tears flow from the _______.
a. cornea
b. lacrimal glands
c. iris
d. conjunctiva

A

b. lacrimal glands

26
Q

The “white of the eye” is the _______.
a. cornea
b. conjunctiva
c. sclera
d. choroid

A

c. sclera

27
Q

The sclera is covered by the _______, a moist mucous membrane that
extends as a continuous lining of the inner layer of the eyelid.
a. conjunctiva
b. cornea
c. choroid
d. retina

A

a. conjunctiva

28
Q

The colored, circular disk of the eye that controls the amount of light
entering the eye is the _______.
a. cornea
b. pupil
c. lens
d. iris

A

d. iris

29
Q

The _______ is a transparent, elastic ball that lies at the rear of the anterior
cavity of the eyeball.
a. lens
b. iris
c. sclera
d. cornea

A

a. lens

30
Q

The function of the cones is _______.
a. accommodation for near or far vision
b. stimulation of the rods
c. vision in dim light
d. daytime and color vision

A

d. daytime and color vision

31
Q

The axons of the ganglion cells extend across the surface of the retina and
unite to form the _______ nerve.
a. olfactory
b. optic
c. vagus
d. retinal

A

b. optic

32
Q

The ear canal, or _______, leads to the middle ear.
a. malleus
b. cochlea
c. external auditory meatus
d. eustachian tube

A

c. external auditory meatus

33
Q

The _______, or eardrum, separates the middle and external ear.
a. cochlea
b. vestibule
c. tympanic membrane
d. ossicle

A

c. tympanic membrane

34
Q

The three auditory ossicles—the malleus, incus, and stapes—_______.
a. amplify vibrations caused by sound waves
b. are the sound receptors
c. stimulate the vestibular nerves
d. contain hair cells

A

a. amplify vibrations caused by sound waves

35
Q

The receptors for hearing are the _______.
a. vestibular nerves
b. perilymph and endolymph
c. ossicles
d. organs of Corti in the cochlea

A

d. organs of Corti in the cochlea

36
Q

The semicircular canals and the saccule _______.
a. contain otoliths
b. sense linear acceleration
c. contain gravity detectors
d. provide information about turning
movements

A

c. contain gravity detectors

37
Q

Odors are detected by the _______.
a. papillae on the tongue
b. olfactory nerve
c. pores in the nasal concha
d. olfactory epithelium

A

d. olfactory epithelium

38
Q

_______ are free nerve endings that allow us to recognize cold, cool,
warm, and hot.
a. Tactile receptors
b. Thermoreceptors
c. Nociceptors
d. Proprioceptors

A

b. Thermoreceptors

39
Q

A person who feels heart pain in her left arm is experiencing _______.
a. phantom pain
b. a lack of substance P
c. referred pain
d. graded stimulation

A

c. referred pain

40
Q

Mechanoreceptors that help us know the position of one body part in
relation to another are _______.
a. proprioceptors
b. thermal receptors
c. tactile receptors
d. nociceptors

A

a. proprioceptors

A&P test #1 (8 decks)

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