Chapter 7 Flashcards
The _______ nervous system is made up of the sensory receptors, the
nerves that link sensory receptors with the central nervous system (CNS), and the nerves
that link the CNS with effectors.
a. sympathetic
b. parasympathetic
c. peripheral
d. sensory
c. peripheral
The portion of the peripheral nervous system that keeps the body in
adjustment with the outside world is the _______ division.
a. somatic
b. autonomic
c. sympathetic
d. external
a. somatic
The somatic system includes _______.
a. the sensory receptors that react to changes
in the outside world
b. the afferent neurons that keep the CNS
informed of those changes
c. the efferent neurons that signal the
muscles to respond
d. all of the preceding answers are correct
d. all of the preceding answers are correct
There are _______ pairs of spinal nerves that emerge from the spinal cord.
a. 21
b. 31
c. 6
d. 17
b. 31
The _______ consists of afferent (sensory) fibers that transmit information
from the sensory receptors to the spinal cord.
a. ventral root
b. spinal ganglion
c. dorsal root
d. efferent root
c. dorsal root
The _______ consists of efferent (motor) fibers leaving the spinal cord.
a. ventral root
b. spinal ganglion
c. dorsal root
d. afferent root
a. ventral root
The _______ of each nerve supplies the muscles and skin of the posterior
part of the body in that region.
a. ventral branch
b. cervical plexus
c. dorsal branch
d. lateral branch
c. dorsal branch
The _______ receives sensory information from the back of the head,
neck, shoulders, and upper chest.
a. cervical plexus
b. brachial plexus
c. lumbar plexus
d. sacral plexus
a. cervical plexus
The _______ supplies the lower abdominal wall, buttock, thigh, and
genital structures.
a. cervical plexus
b. brachial plexus
c. lumbar plexus
d. sacral plexus
c. lumbar plexus
The _______ division works automatically to maintain a steady state
within the body.
a. somatic
b. peripheral nervous
c. central nervous
d. autonomic
d. autonomic
The _______ system prepares the body for action and is most active
during stressful situations.
a. autonomic
b. sympathetic
c. somatic
d. parasympathetic
b. sympathetic
Some axons of the second efferent neurons leave a ganglion of the
paravertebral sympathetic ganglion chain as various _______ nerves.
a. postsympathetic
b. sympathetic
c. brachial
d. somatic
b. sympathetic
Neurons of the parasympathetic system emerge from the brain and the
_______ region of the spinal cord.
a. sacral
b. brachial
c. coccygeal
d. cervical
a. sacral
In the parasympathetic system, first efferent neurons synapse with second
efferent neurons in _______, located near or within the walls of organs they innervate.
a. collateral ganglia
b. ganglion chains
c. terminal ganglia
d. postganglionic neurons
c. terminal ganglia
Branches of the _______ nerve innervate the heart, lungs, liver, pancreas,
esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and upper portion of the large intestine.
a. trigeminal
b. optic
c. olfactory
d. vagus
d. vagus
Which neurons release the neurotransmitter norepinephrine?
a. Preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic
system
b. Postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic
system
c. Preganglionic neurons of the
parasympathetic system
d. Postganglionic neurons of the
parasympathetic system
b. Postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic
system
Parasympathetic nerves _______.
a. dilate the bronchial tubes
b. stimulate sweat glands
c. decrease heart rate
d. dilate the pupils
c. decrease heart rate
The optic nerve _______.
a. is the first cranial nerve
b. innervates the olfactory epithelium
c. innervates the eyeball muscles
d. innervates the retina of the eye
d. innervates the retina of the eye
The semicircular canals of the inner ear are innervated by the _______
nerve.
a. vestibulocochlear
b. vagus
c. trigeminal
d. hypoglossal
a. vestibulocochlear
Cranial nerve I innervates the _______.
a. retina of the eye
b. olfactory epithelium
c. many organs, including lungs and
stomach
d. teeth
b. olfactory epithelium
The peripheral nervous system consists of _______.
a. somatic and sympathetic divisions
b. somatic and parasympathetic divisions
c. PNS and CNS
d. somatic and autonomic divisions
d. somatic and autonomic divisions
Cranial nerve II is the _______ nerve.
a. oculomotor
b. vagus
c. optic
d. olfactory
c. optic
The teeth are innervated by the _______ nerve.
a. trigeminal
b. vagus
c. facial
d. hypoglossal
a. trigeminal
There are _______ pairs of cervical spinal nerves, _______ pairs of
thoracic spinal nerves, and _______ pairs of lumbar spinal nerves.
a. 5; 12; 8
b. 5; 8; 12
c. 8; 12; 5
d. 8; 5; 12
c. 8; 12; 5
Each spinal ganglion consists of _______.
a. efferent fibers leaving the spinal cord
b. cell bodies of sensory neurons
c. cell bodies of motor neurons
d. cell bodies of neurons that make up the
major plexuses
b. cell bodies of sensory neurons
The _______ branch innervates the anterior and lateral body trunk, as well
as the limbs.
a. ventral
b. brachial
c. dorsal
d. gluteal
a. ventral
The _______ nerve, which sends impulses to the diaphragm, arises from
the cervical plexus.
a. respiratory
b. phrenic
c. femoral
d. sciatic
b. phrenic
The _______ nerve is the largest nerve arising from the lumbar plexus.
a. ulnar
b. phrenic
c. femoral
d. sciatic
c. femoral
The main branch of the sacral plexus is the _______ nerve, the largest
nerve in the body.
a. vagus
b. phrenic
c. femoral
d. sciatic
d. sciatic
In the autonomic division, the first efferent neurons are referred to as
_______ neurons.
a. ganglionic
b. preganglionic
c. postganglionic
d. adrenergic
b. preganglionic
Second efferent neurons are ______ neurons.
a. ganglionic
b. preganglionic
c. postganglionic
d. cholinergic
c. postganglionic
Preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic system release the
neurotransmitter _______ and are referred to as cholinergic.
a. acetylcholine
b. norepinephrine
c. epinephrine
d. dopamine
a. acetylcholine
Postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic system release the
neurotransmitter _______ and are referred to as adrenergic.
a. acetylcholine
b. norepinephrine
c. epinephrine
d. dopamine
b. norepinephrine
The _______ system is most active during periods of calm and physical
rest.
a. sympathetic
b. paravertebral
c. parasympathetic
d. peripheral nervous
c. parasympathetic
About 75% of all parasympathetic fibers are in the _______ nerves.
a. optic
b. phrenic
c. trigeminal
d. vagus
d. vagus
Neurons from the _______ region innervate the eye, structures of the
head, and thoracic and abdominal organs.
a. cranial
b. sacral
c. lumbar
d. thoracic
a. cranial
The parasympathetic nerves that emerge from the _______ region form
the pelvic nerves.
a. cranial
b. sacral
c. lumbar
d. thoracic
b. sacral
Both preganglionic and postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic
system release the neurotransmitter _______.
a. acetylcholine
b. norepinephrine
c. epinephrine
d. dopamine
a. acetylcholine
The digestive system is mainly under _______ control.
a. sympathetic
b. autonomic
c. parasympathetic
d. somatic
c. parasympathetic
The heart rate is increased by _______ stimulation.
a. somatic
b. vagal
c. parasympathetic
d. sympathetic
d. sympathetic
