Chapter 2 Flashcards
The _______ is one of the largest cells in the human body.
a. sperm
b. ovum
c. epithelial
d. nerve
b. ovum
The jelly-like material of the cell is called _______.
a. cytoplasm
b. flagella
c. organelles
d. nucleus
a. cytoplasm
The _______ surrounds and protects the cell, regulating passage of
materials into and out of the cell.
a. plasma membrane
b. endoplasmic reticulum
c. nuclear envelope
d. cytoplasm
a. plasma membrane
Each _______ contains hundreds or thousands of units of hereditary
information that govern the structure and activity of the cell.
a. nucleolus
b. gene
c. DNA
d. chromosome
d. chromosome
_______ are tiny power plants contained within the cell that carry on
cellular respiration.
a. Ribosomes
b. Golgi
c. Mitochondria
d. Lysosomes
c. Mitochondria
A small membrane-enclosed structure that holds or transports some type of
cargo within the cell is called a _______.
a. lysosome
b. flagellum
c. vesicle
d. cellular respiration
c. vesicle
The diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable
membrane from a region where water molecules are more concentrated to a region where
they are less concentrated is called _______.
a. osmosis
b. diffusion
c. filtration
d. active transport
a. osmosis
When blood cells are placed in a hypertonic solution, _______.
a. the net movement of water molecules is
zero
b. the blood cells die immediately
c. there is a net movement of water
molecules out of the cells
d. the blood cells swell and may burst
c. there is a net movement of water
molecules out of the cells
In _______, the cell moves materials from a region of lower concentration
to a region of higher concentration.
a. active transport
b. diffusion
c. filtration
d. osmosis
a. active transport
A white blood cell ingests bacteria. This is an example of _______.
a. diffusion
b. passive transport
c. phagocytosis
d. cell pumping action
a. diffusion
_______ are chemical messengers used between cells for communication.
a. Carbohydrates
b. Lipids
c. Receptors
d. Hormones
d. Hormones
Target cells _______.
a. typically have receptors that bind signal
molecules to their surfaces
b. usually replicate and die when contracted
by a signal molecule
c. are the first cells in a cell signaling
pathway
d. kill invading microorganisms
a. typically have receptors that bind signal
molecules to their surfaces
In a process called _______, receptors convert signals outside the cell into
a signal inside the cell that affects cellular activity.
a. diffusion
b. apoptosis
c. signal transduction
d. active transport
c. signal transduction
The cell spends most of its life in _______, the period between mitoses.
a. prophase
b. interphase
c. metaphase
d. telophase
b. interphase
During _______, the chromatids separate and become independent
chromosomes.
a. interphase
b. metaphase
c. anaphase
d. telophase
c. anaphase
_______ epithelial cells are thin, flattened cells shaped like pancakes or
flagstones.
a. Stratified
b. Squamous
c. Cuboidal
d. Columnar
b. Squamous