Chapter 8 Flashcards
1.Racialization and 2.visible minorities
1.social process in which groups are viewed as essentially different in terms of their intellect, morality, values, and innate worth based on perceived physical differences or cultural heritage (viewed as superior or inferior)
2. person who is not indigenous or white
Master narrative, the who’s
-the story a nation tells about itself to celebrate its past and present
-evolves over time
-reproduced and refined for schoolbooks, museums, propaganda, and popular culture
-glosses over/ omits certain unpleasant events (that make them look bad) these events become “buried knowledge” (Foucault)
Indigenous people in Canada
-their racialization (by Europeans) began in the 16th century
-have been here for at least 14 thousand years
-93% of Canada’s history is indigenous alone
-Are often studied as problems (according to Larocque)
Indigenous status
-defined by a complex system of legal statuses that separates them from non indigenous people and from themselves
-Registered indian
-Bill C-31 indian
-band member
-reserve resident
-treaty indian
-metis
-eskimo
Indian act
-is where legal differences stem from
-statuses are administered by the federal department of crown-indigenous and northern affairs
-enshrined sexist definition of “indian”
1. any man of “indian blood” known to belong to a particular band
2. any child of such a man
3. any woman married to such a man
-only definition until 1985
Bill C-31, Metis, inuit
-1985 enabled people who lost their status through marriage or through the marriage of their mother to be reinstated
-Inuit have been in Canada a shorter time and occupy artic territory
-Metis = french fur traders and cree women
Buried knowledge and doctrine of discovery
- an alternative view that comes from groups or individuals with less power to speak this knowledge challenges the accepted views of the majority and makes them look bad
2.policy enacted by the catholic church granting Christian nations the right to take possession of lands of non-Christians with the intent of saving their souls
Black communities in Atlantic Canada
-have existed in nova scotia since the British proclamation
-offered freedom to slaves who left their American masters to fight for the British in the American revolution
-hardship and prejudice ex: Viola Desmond
-segregation ended in nova scotia in 1954
Black settlement in Alberta
-government granted harrison sneed (minister from all black town) land no one wanted
-he brought more people and even more came later
-refered to as the “black one thousand”
-1914 this immigration stopped as Wilfrid laurier banned “negros” from settling in canada
black people in Canada today
-1792 population declined when black loyalists left for the new African colony Sierra Leone
-decline from 1871-1911 and 1941-1951
-began to rise in 1970s
-are now the third largest visible minority
Asian Canadians
-2/3 of Canadians are of Asian ancestry
-South Asians and Chinese are the two largest visible minorities
-do not always face the same barriers to success as other racialized minorities
Chinese immigration
-Chinese immigrants came to west coast mid 19th century : poverty and political upheaval in China, drawn to BC because of work opportunities
-viewed with suspicion verging on disgust
-to stall their immigration gov imposed a head tax
effects of tax: chances of marrying a chinese woman decreases ratio of men to women 28:1
therefore limited population growth
act to prevent employment of female labour
- gov of saskatchewan
-white women/girls were not to reside or work in businesses owned, kept, or managed by japanese, chinese or other “oriental” people
Japanese soldiers and the world wars
-volunteered to serve in first world war
-have been here since 1870s
-were placed in internment camps and dispossessed of their property
South asian immigration
-canada passed law that required all asian immigrants entering to have at least 200$
-prohibited the landing of any immigrant arriving directly from any point outside of India
-komagata maru was forced to turn around as they could not pay 200$ to enter
