Chapter 8

Question 1

Hypothesis

Answer 1

Claim about the property of the population

Question 2

Hypothesis test (test of significance)

Answer 2

Procedure testing claim about a property of a population .

Question 3

p

Answer 3

population proportion

Question 4

Things to consider

Answer 4

Context, source, and sampling data

Question 5

Null Hypothesis, Ho

Answer 5

A statement or value of pop. parameter equal to claimed value; no change or effect. Always test the Ho. =

Question 6

Alternative hypothesis, research hypothesis, H1, HA

Answer 6

A statement or value of pop. parameter differs from null. > (right tailed) ,< (left tailed),≠ (2 tailed)

Question 7

Test statistic

Answer 7

Sample value used to determine if we accept or reject null hypothesis

Question 8

Test statistic: Proportion

Answer 8

z=p̂-p/✓pq/n

Question 9

Test statistic: Mean

Answer 9

z=x̄-μ/σ/✓n or t=-x̄-μ/s/✓n

Question 10

Test statistic: Standard deviation

Answer 10

x²=(n-1) s²/σ²

Question 11

Critical region, rejection region

Answer 11

Set of values to reject null hypothesis (area after critical value)

Question 12

Significance level, α

Answer 12

P that the test stat will fall in critical region when null is true, P of making a mistake of rejecting the null.

Question 13

P-value definition

Answer 13

P of getting a value in the critical region.

P-value≤α=no go P-value>α=null fly

Question 14

Type 1 error, α

Answer 14

Mistake of rejecting the null when it’s true

Question 15

Type 2 error, β

Answer 15

Mistake of failing to reject the null when it’s false

Question 16

Power (1-β)

Answer 16

P of rejecting a false null. 0.8 is common

Question 17

P value procedure left tailed

Answer 17

Area to left of test statistic

Question 18

P value procedure right tailed

Answer 18

Area to right of test stat

Question 19

P value procedure 2 tailed

Answer 19

2x the area of the tail the test stat is in

Question 20

Solving: P-value Medthod

Answer 20

Find z for p. Look at area in tail(s) compared to α. Make sure area relates to tails.
P-value≤α=no go P-value>α=null fly

Question 21

Solving: Traditional Method

Answer 21

Find z of p. Find z of α. Compare z’s. If test stat falls in critical region, reject Ho

Question 22

Solving: CI

Answer 22

Find CI with E. (Level of confidence:1 tailed:1-2α 2 tailed:1-α)
If CI does not include pop parameter, reject null.

Question 23

Final statement

Answer 23

There (is or is not) sufficient evidence to (warrant rejection >< or support≠) the claim that (original claim).

Question 24

8 steps to solve:

Answer 24

Step 1, Symbolic form
Step 2, If step 1 is false then (opposite step 1)
Step 3 If there is no equal sign, use I as H1.
Step 4 Select a significance level).05 or 0.01.
Step 5 Determine what formula and chart to use
Step 6 Find test stat and (P-value or critical region)
Step 7 Fail to or reject the null
Step 8 Restate with “significant evidence”

Question 25

Requirements Normal Distribution Approximation

Answer 25

1. Simple random sample
2. binomial requirements
3. np≥5 nq≥5

Question 26

How to find μ and σ

Answer 26

μ=np σ=✓npq

Question 27

Exact method

Answer 27

Requirement check, P value of null. (=x or more, p̂>p=2x x or more, p̂<p=2x x or less) Use

Question 28

Requirements mean: σ known

Answer 28

Simple random, σ is known, simple random or n>30

Question 29

Finding P-value: σ unknown

Answer 29

They must tell you the area. look at #’s in row of df. Get the range of area in tail based off rows actual area is in-between.