Chapter 5

Question 1

Random Variable

Answer 1

Variable (x) that has a single value determined by chance for each outcome (1 green pea, 2 green pea)

Question 2

Probability Variable

Answer 2

Gives the probability of each value of a random variable.

Question 3

Discrete Random Variable

Answer 3

Finite or countable # of values (1,2,3…)

Question 4

Continuous Random Variable

Answer 4

Infinitely many values on a continuous scale.

Question 5

Probability Histogram

Answer 5

Shows probabilities vertically.

Question 6

Mean vs. expected value

Answer 6

μ=Σ(xPx) μ=Σ(fx)/N

Question 7

Rare event 992 head on coin toss

Answer 7

Assume not correct

Question 8

Unusually high rate of success

Answer 8

Px or more less than or equal to 0.05

Question 9

Unusually low rate of success

Answer 9

Px or less less than or equal to 0.05

Question 10

Unusual probabilities

Answer 10

P1 green? P1 or fewer

Question 11

Expected (E)

Answer 11

Mean value of all outcomes E=Σ(x*Px). Same as mean of discrete random variable. Doesn’t need to be whole number.

Question 12

Variance

Answer 12

σ^2

Question 13

Binomial probability distribution requirements

Answer 13

Fixed # trials, trials are independent (one trial doesn’t affect the other), 2 outcomes (pass or fail), P(success) is the same in all trials

Question 14

Binomial 5% rule

Answer 14

Not binomial if trial is done without replacement, except when the sample is < 5%

Question 15

Binomial probability distributions: S

Answer 15

Success

Question 16

Binomial probability distributions: F

Answer 16

Failure

Question 17

Binomial probability distributions: p

Answer 17

P(S) in n trials=p

Question 18

Binomial probability distributions: q

Answer 18

P(F) in n trials=1-p=q

Question 19

Binomial probability distributions: n

Answer 19

n=# fixed trials

Question 20

Binomial probability distributions: x

Answer 20

x=# success in n trials

Question 21

Binomial probability distributions: P(x)

Answer 21

P of getting exactly x success in n trials

Question 22

Binomial probability formula P(x)

Answer 22

P(x)=n!/(n-x)!x! p^xq^n-x

Question 23

Binomial probability formula μ

Answer 23

μ=np

Question 24

Binomial probability formula σ

Answer 24

σ=✓npq

Question 25

Binomial probability formula σ^2

Answer 25

σ^2=npq

Question 26

Binomial probability range rule of thumb

Answer 26

Normal range = μ (+/-) 2σ

Question 27

n!/(n-x)!x!= ? on calculator

Answer 27

nPr