Chapter 2

Question 1

Characteristics of data: Center

Answer 1

A representative or average value that indicates where the middle of the data set is located.

Question 2

Characteristics of data: Variation

Answer 2

A measure of the amount that the data values vary

Question 3

Characteristics of data: Distribution

Answer 3

The nature or shape of the spread of the data over the range of the values (such as bell-shapes, uniform, or skewed)

Question 4

Characteristics of data: Outliers

Answer 4

Sample values that lie very far away from the vast majority of the other sample values

Question 5

Characteristics of data: Time

Answer 5

Changing characteristics of the data over time

Question 6

Characteristics of data: (CVDOT)

Answer 6

Center, Variation, Distribution, Outliers, Time

Question 7

Frequency distribution

Answer 7

(frequency table) Shows how data set is partitioned among all of several categories (or classes) by listing all of the categories along with the number of data values in each.

Question 8

Frequency

Answer 8

the number of original values in a class

Question 9

Lower class limits

Answer 9

the smallest numbers in a class

Question 10

Upper class limits

Answer 10

the largest number in a class

Question 11

Class boundaries

Answer 11

the average of the higher limit of one class, and the lower limit of the next class up (69.5)

Question 12

Class midpoints

Answer 12

the values in the middle of classes; add the lower and upper class limits, divide by 2

Question 13

Class width

Answer 13

the difference between two consecutive lower class limits

Question 14

Why we construct frequency distributions

Answer 14

1. large data sets can be summarized 2. analyze the nature of the data 3. basis for constructing graphs

Question 15

Procedure for constructing a frequency distribution

Answer 15

see screen shot

Question 16

Class width formula

Answer 16

class width= (highest data value)-(lowest data value)/ number of classes

Question 17

Relative frequency distribution

Answer 17

Percentage distribution

Question 18

Cumulative frequency

Answer 18

The sum of the frequencies for the class and the previous class

Question 19

Normal distribution

Answer 19

Bell shaped

Question 20

Things to consider

Answer 20

All even last digits, gaps between distribution, differing frequencies between groups, percent sum is more than 100, not showing distribution of all categories

Question 21

Relative frequency histogram

Answer 21

Vertical scale on a histogram is percent