Chapter 8

Question 1

What bones compose the pectoral girdle?

Answer 1

Scapula and clavicle

Question 2

What is the only long bone that lies in the horizontal position in the body?

Answer 2

Clavicle

Question 3

What is the most commonly fractured bone in the body?

Answer 3

Clavicle

Question 4

What part of the scapula is a shallow depression that articulates with the head of the humerus?

Answer 4

Glenoid cavity

Question 5

What is the difference between the anatomical and surgical neck of the humerus?

Answer 5

Anatomical neck – margin of smooth area on head of humerus
Surgical neck – base of expanded proximal end of humerus – joins narrow shaft

Question 6

What is the common site of arm fracture?

Answer 6

Surgical neck of humerus

Question 7

The ulna is the medial/lateral bone of the forearm and the radius is the medial/lateral bone of the forearm.

Answer 7

1. Medial
2. Lateral

Question 8

The ulna and radius are connected via the _______________ membrane that holds the two bones together.

Answer 8

interosseous

Question 9

How many carpal bones are there in one hand? What are the proximal row bones and what are the distal row bones (lateral to proximal)?

Answer 9

8 total
Proximal: scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform
Distal: trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

Question 10

Which carpal bones contribute to the radiocarpal joint directly? And indirectly?

Answer 10

Directly – scaphoid and lunate
Indirectly - triquetrum

Question 11

The carpal bones plus ______ _____________ form the carpal tunnel.

Answer 11

flexor retinaculum

Question 12

What is another name for the thumb?

Answer 12

Pollex

Question 13

What is the most commonly fractured carpal bone?

Answer 13

Scaphoid

Question 14

What are the three bones that fuse in the hip to form the hip bone?

Answer 14

Ilium, ischium, pubis

Question 15

Why is the greater pelvis called the false pelvis?

Answer 15

Because it contains the small and large intestines, and these aren’t truly pelvic organs.

Question 16

What are some differences between the male and female pelvis?

Answer 16

Female pelvic bones are lighter and thinner, pelvic inlet is round/oval, lesser pelvic area is shorter and wider, subpubic angle is greater than 80 degrees, and pelvic outlet is rounded and larger.
Male pelvic inlet is heart-shaped, longer and narrower pelvic cavity, subpubic angle is less than 70 degrees, and pelvic outlet is smaller.

Question 17

What is the longest and strongest bone of the body?

Answer 17

Femur

Question 18

What area of the femur is the most common site for fractures?

Answer 18

Neck of femur

Question 19

The patella is what type of bone and is also known as what?

Answer 19

Sesamoid bone and is known as the kneecap

Question 20

What is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg and also the second longest bone of the body?

Answer 20

Tibia

Question 21

What structure forms the medial bump of the ankle? And the lateral bump of the ankle?

Answer 21

Medial malleolus (tibia) and lateral malleolus (fibula)

Question 22

What is another name for the big toe?

Answer 22

Hallux

Question 23

Limbs develop from _________ to ______.

Answer 23

1. Proximal
2. Distal

Question 24

All bones except for the ________ undergo endochondral ossification.

Answer 24

Clavicle

Question 25

Around what age does the clavicle ossify?

Answer 25

25