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Nutrition Basics > Chapter 7 Vitamins > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of a vitamin?

A

noncaloric essential nutrient

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2
Q

Do vitamins need to be taken in by the diet?

A

yes

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3
Q

What are the functions of vitamins?

A

metabolism

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4
Q

Which vitamins are fat soluble?

A

A, D, E, K

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5
Q

Which vitamins are water soluble?

A

Bs and C

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6
Q

What are the main functions of Vitamin A?

A

vision
growth
tissue strength
immunity

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7
Q

What are the two sources of Vitamin A?

A

foods: preformed (animals), beta-carotine (plants)

liver: stored

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8
Q

What is seen with a Vitamin A deficiency?

A

xerosis: itching, burning, red, inflamed eyelids

xerophthalmia: blindness

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9
Q

What is see with too much vitamin A?

A

hypervitaminosis A: bone pain, dry skin, hair loss, fatigue, anorexia, liver damage

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10
Q

What are animal food sources of vitamin A?

A

fish liver oils, egg yolkds, butter, cream, milk fat

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11
Q

what are plant food sources of vitamin A?

A

dark green leafy vegetables, dark orange vegetable sand fruits

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12
Q

What is vitamin D known as ?

A

calciferol

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13
Q

What is vitamind D3 called?

A

cholecalciferol

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14
Q

what is vitamin D2 called

A

ergocalciferol

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15
Q

How is cholecalciferol (D3) produced?

A

humans exposure to sunlight

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16
Q

What hormone is cholecalciferol converted to in the kidney?

A

calcitriol

17
Q

what does calcitriol do?

A

increases the abosorption of calcium and phosphorus from intestines

prevents calcium being eliminated from kidney

increases osteoclast activity

18
Q

What does vitamin D (calciferol) deficiency cause?

A

rickets/softening of bones (bowlegs)

19
Q

What are symptoms of hypervitaminosis D?

A

fragile bones, kidney stones, calcification of soft tissue

20
Q

what are good food sources of vitamin D?

A

fatty fish
fortified milk

21
Q

What is the name for vitamin E?

A

tocopherol

22
Q

What is the vitamin E deficiency in premature babies?

A

hemolytic anemia

23
Q

What can a vitamin E deficiency cause in adults?

A

affect myelin in individuals who cannot absorb or metabolize fat

24
Q

what are food sources of vitamin E

A

vetable oils
nuts
seeds

25
Q

What is the dietary form of vitamin K from plants?

A

phylloquinone

26
Q

what is the form of vitamin K produced by intestinal bacteria?

A

menaquinone

27
Q

what is vitamin K important for?

A

bone clotting
bone development

28
Q

do we have vitamin K dietary requirements?

A

no

29
Q

where do we get most of our vitamin K?

A

bacteria in our body

30
Q

what are food sources of vitamin K

A

green leafy vegetables

31
Q
A

Nutrition Basics (7 decks)

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