Chapter 7: Thinking & Intelligence Flashcards
What is cognition?
Thinking, preception, knowledge, problem-solving, judgement, language and memory
____ are categories or groupings of information
Concepts
What are concepts good for?
Keeping information organized
A ____ is the best example of a concept
prototype
What are mental images used for?
making decisions, solving problems, improving skills and memorization
What is mental rotation?
changing the position of an image in mental space
What is the syntax?
rules for word order
____ is the meaning of words/sentences in a particular language
Semantics
Is ASL a true language?
Yes because it has syntax and grammar
What is some proof that Chimps use language? (positives to debate)
-make spontaneous responses
- seen doing ASL w/o humans
What is some proof Chimps do not use language? (negatives to debate)
- all animals use gestures
- rarely speak w/o prompt
What are the two areas/ situations of problem-solving?
Trial and Error & Insight
When is trial and error used?
For simple solutions
When is Insight used?
When you want to spend time getting a deeper meaning of a problem and solution
What is functional fixedness?
Failing to solve a problem because we are fixated on the usual function of an item
How do you calculate IQ?
Mental Age/ Chronological Age times 100
What is the process of making IQ tests harder over generations called
Flynn Effect
What is special about culture fair testing?
It is impossible to create
Characteristics of a Mild Intellectual Disability
85% of them
3rd - 6th grade level in reading writing and math
Characteristics of a Moderate Intellectual Disability
10% of them
basic reading and writing skills; functional self care skills
Characteristics of Severe Intellectual Disability
5% of them
functional self-care skills; requires oversight daily
_____ is an inherited lack of an important enzyme that breaks down phenylalanine
phenylketonuria
People with PKU must follow what kind of diet
Low Protein
What is Microcephaly?
Small headedness
