Chapter 3: Biopsychology

Question 1

An individual nerve cell is called a ___.

Answer 1

neuron

Question 2

Larges bundles of neurons are called ____.

Answer 2

Nerves

Question 3

A white fatty substance that coats many nerves is called ____.

Answer 3

Myelin

Question 4

What are the important roles of myelin?

Answer 4

-insulates nerves
- improves speed & precision of electrical impulses

Question 5

Myelin supports the ____ impulses.

Answer 5

electrical

Question 6

____ is a chemical transmission point between two neurons

Answer 6

Synapse

Question 7

True/False: Neurons touch each other

Answer 7

False

Question 8

Brain chemicals are also called _____.

Answer 8

Neurotransmitters

Question 9

If there are more + neurotransmitters what happens?

Answer 9

The nerve will fire

Question 10

The outermost layer of cells on most axons is called ____.

Answer 10

Neurilemma

Question 11

What does neurilemma do?

Answer 11

Forms a tunnel that damaged cells can follow as they repair themselves

Question 12

When you regain feeling after an injury this is because the ____ is working.

Answer 12

Neurilemma

Question 13

What are psychoactive drugs?

Answer 13

Substances that alter mood, perception, memory, and self-control

Question 14

What causes a hangover?

Answer 14

Psychoactive drugs provide a surplus of endorphins which tricks the brain into thinking it can stop producing them. So, when you are done drinking your brain is in a “resting” phase and has to begin producing the endorphins all over again because you are short of them.

Question 15

How the brain can change and adapt is called _____.

Answer 15

Neuroplasticity

Question 16

When someone has a stroke and regains movement over time this is due to their healthy parts taking control of that area which is AKA _____.

Answer 16

Neuroplasticity

Question 17

What is the largest brain structure and also the outer layer of the brain?

Answer 17

Cerebral Cortex

Question 18

What is the right hemisphere used for?

Answer 18

perception (puzzles, art, recognizing)

Question 19

The connection between the L&R hemispheres is called?

Answer 19

Corpus Callosum

Question 20

What is a split brain patient?

Answer 20

Someone who has had their corpus callosum cut and cannot use both hemispheres at the same time

Question 21

The ____ lobe is used for higher mental functions, personality, and reasoning

Answer 21

Frontal

Question 22

The ____ lobe is used for body sensations

Answer 22

Parietal

Question 23

Which lobe is used for hearing and language?

Answer 23

Temporal

Question 24

What section of the brain is used for vital life functions that happen automatically?

Answer 24

Subcortex

Question 25

What is an example of brain damage?

Answer 25

Phineas Gage had a metal rod go through his brain and cause FRONTAL brain damage which altered his personality.

Question 26

What does an EEG do?

Answer 26

measures electrical activity of the brain -used in sleep studies

Question 27

What is a CT/Cat Scan?

Answer 27

xrays that look at specific sites of the body

Question 28

What makes an MRI different than other research methods?

Answer 28

It produces a clearer image, but takes longer.