Chapter 12: Social Psychology

Question 1

What is social psychology?

Answer 1

how people and situations affect us and others

Question 2

____ are explanations for the behavior of other people

Answer 2

Attributions

Question 3

Attributions can be the product of? (2)
( Describe)

Answer 3

Situationism- immediate environments
Dispositionism- internal factors (personality +temperament)

Question 4

What does Fundamental Attribution Error state?

Answer 4

Tendency to overestimate internal causes and underestimate external causes for other peoples behavior

Question 5

What does Actor-Observer Bias state?

Answer 5

Tendency to assume other people’s behavior are due to internal factors and that are own behaviors are due to situational forces

Question 6

What does Self-Serving Bias state?

Answer 6

Tendency to conclude that our own successes are due to internal factors and failures are due to the situation

Question 7

What does the Just World Hypothesis state?

Answer 7

Good outcomes happen to good people and Bad outcomes happen to and people

Question 8

____ ____ are defined by culturally shared knowledge

Answer 8

Social Roles

Question 9

_____ ____ are a group’s expectations of what is appropriate behavior for its members and how they are supposed to behave

Answer 9

Social Norms

Question 10

What are the 3 components of Attitudes?

Answer 10

Affective (feelings), Behavioral (effect the attitude has on behavior), Cognitive (belief + knowledge)

Question 11

What is Cognitive Dissonance?

Answer 11

individuals psychological discomfort from holding 2 or more inconsistent attitudes, behaviors, or cognitions

Question 12

What are the 2 routes to persuasion (describe)?

Answer 12

Central Route- logic driven + associates message
Peripheral Route- indirect, associates message with emotions

Question 13

What is a technique used in successful persuasion? Explain

Answer 13

Foot-In-The-Door, involves getting someone to agree to a small favor to later request a larger one

Question 14

_____ is a change in a person’s behavior to coincide more closely with group standard

Answer 14

Conformity

Question 15

What was the result of the Soloman Asch experiment?

Answer 15

1/3 of subjects conformed in more than half of the trials
24% never conformed

Question 16

What was the result of the Stanly Milgram experiment?

Answer 16

65% of people went all the way to lethal shock on the “learner”

Question 17

____ is inspired group decision making that occurs when making the right decision is less important than maintaining group harmony

Answer 17

Groupthink

Question 18

Describe Deindividuation

Answer 18

when being part of a group reduces personal identity and erodes sense of responsibility

Question 19

What is the Bystander Effect? Example

Answer 19

tendency of those watching an emergency to help less when others are present than when they are alone. Kitty Genovese

Question 20

What is the most influential factor in who we become friends/romantic with?

Answer 20

Who we have the most contact with

Question 21

What is the Matching Hypothesis?

Answer 21

idea that we choose a mate who is equally attractive/desirable as ourselves

Question 22

What is the Social Exchange Theory?

Answer 22

Idea that we weigh the costs/benefits of a relationship