Chapter 7 Thinking and Intelligence Part 2 Flashcards
What is crystallized intelligence?
acquired knowledge and the ability to retrieve it
- knowing facts
What is fluid intelligence?
the ability to see complex relationships and solve problems
- knowing how to do something
Who came up with the Triarchic theory of intelligence?
Robert Sternberg
What is the Triarchic theory of intelligence
That is 3 types of intelligence:
- analytical intelligence
- creative intelligence
- practical intelligence
What is analytical intelligence?
academic problem solving and computation
What is creative intelligence?
imaginative and innovative problem solving
What is practical intelligence?
street smarts and common sense
Who proposed the multiple intelligence theory?
Howard Gardner
What is the multiple intelligence theory?
The idea that each person possesses at least 8 intelligences:
- linguistic
- logical mathematical
- musical
- bodily kinesthetic
- spatial
- interpersonal
-intrapersonal - naturalist
What is emotional intelligence?
Ability to understand the emotions of yourself and others; showing empathy, understanding social relationships and cues
What is creativity?
ability to generate, create, or discover new ideas, solutions, and possibilities
What is divergent thinking?
thinking “outside the box”
- used when more than one possibility exist on a situation
What is convergent thinking?
ability to provide a correct or well-established answer or solution to a problem
What is standardization?
manner of administration, scoring, and interpretation of results is consistent
What is norming?
giving a test to a large population so data can be collected comparing groups, such as age groups
What is one way intelligence is measured?
by getting someone’s intelligence quotient (IQ) score from a test
Who developed intelligence testing?
French psychologist Alfred Binet
What is the Flynn effect?
The idea that each generation has a significantly higher IQ than the last
What is a representative sample?
subset of the population that accurately represents the general population
What is David Wechsler’s definition of intelligence?
global capacity of a person to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with his environment
What is a standard deviation?
describing how data are dispersed in a population
What is the average IQ score?
100
What is nature perspective?
intelligence is inherited from a person’s parents
What is nurture perspective?
intelligence is shaped by a child’s developmental environment
What is the range of reaction?
Theory that each person responds to the environment in a unique way based on his or her genetic makeup
What are learning disabilities?
cognitive disorders that affect different areas of cognition, particularly language or reading
What is dysgraphia?
learning disability resulting in a struggle to write legibly
What is dyslexia?
inability to process letters
- mixing up letters within words or sentences
