Chapter 7: The Assessment of Intelligence Testing

Question 1

The definition of intelligence that has been universally accepted

A) equates intelligence with the ability to adapt to the environment.
B) equates intelligence with the ability to learn, or “educability.”
C) equates intelligence with the ability to think abstractly or symbolically.
D) does not yet exist.

Answer 1

D) does not yet exist.

Question 2

In general, the __________ of an intelligence test is the extent to which it measures what it is supposed to measure.

A) utility
B) validity
C) reliability
D) significance

Answer 2

B) validity

Question 3

__________ is a measure of what one has already learned.

A) Achievement
B) Ability
C) Adeptness
D) Aptitude

Answer 3

A) Achievement

Question 4

By the 1960s,many individuals and groups were criticizing intelligence tests for what reason?

A) They believed the tests were too easy, and were producing inflated scores.
B) They believed that measuring intelligence was not a worthwhile pursuit.
C) They believed that some test items were unfair and discriminated against certain groups.
D) They believe that the tests were measuring talent, rather than intelligence per se.

Answer 4

C) They believed that some test items were unfair and discriminated against certain groups.

Question 5

In comparison to traditional approaches,recent approaches to the definition of intelligence have emphasized

A) strategies of processing.
B) speed of processing.
C) culture-dependent learning.
D) more than one of the above

Answer 5

D) more than one of the above

Question 6

Which of the following is an accurate statement about the assessment of reliability?

A) Equivalent forms reliability is used to avoid the problems with test-retest reliability.
B) Equivalent forms reliability is used to avoid the problems with split-half reliability.
C) Test-retest reliability is used to avoid the problems with equivalent forms reliability.
D) Test-retest reliability is used to avoid the problems with split-half reliability.

Answer 6

A) Equivalent forms reliability is used to avoid the problems with test-retest reliability.

Question 7

With regard to psychological tests, reliability is most synonymous with

A) cultural sensitivity.
B) consistency.
C) accuracy.
D) validity.

Answer 7

B) consistency.

Question 8

With regard to psychological tests, reliability is most synonymous with

A) cultural sensitivity.
B) consistency.
C) accuracy.
D) validity.

Answer 8

B) consistency.

Question 9

If an intelligence test administered to 6ᵗʰ graders correlates strongly with the high school GPAs of these students,it can be concluded that the test has high __________ validity.

A) concurrent
B) predictive
C) construct
D) none of the above

Answer 9

B) predictive

Question 10

If an intelligence test administered to 4ᵗʰ graders correlates strongly with their 4ᵗʰ grade teachers’ estimates of their intelligence,it can be concluded that the test has high __________ validity.

A) concurrent
B) predictive
C) construct
D) none of the above

Answer 10

A) concurrent

Question 11

In the most recent edition of the Stanford-Binet intelligence test,the examinee’s starting point for the subtests is determined by

A) the examinee’s grade level.
B) the examinee’s average school performance, across subjects.
C) the examinee’s scores on subtests of verbal and nonverbal ability.
D) the examinee’s age.

Answer 11

C) the examinee’s scores on subtests of verbal and nonverbal ability.

Question 12

What is the purpose of the reversal items on the WAIS-IV?

A) They assess examinees’ ability to “undo” various mathematical operations in their heads.
B) They assess the speed with which examinees are able to break physical objects down into their component parts.
C) both of the above
D) They reduce the number of items examinees must complete that are well below their ability levels.

Answer 12

D) They reduce the number of items examinees must complete that are well below their ability levels.

Question 13

ALL BUT WHICH of the following is an accurate statement regarding the influence of genes and environment on intelligence?

A) When the environment is similar for everyone, observed differences in intelligence are more accountable to genetic factors.
B) Even strongly genetically determined traits, like intelligence, can be influenced by environmental factors.
C) To date, psychosocial interventions have been very effective in improving IQ scores.
D) The heritability of intelligence does not appear to be stable across the life span.

Question 13

ALL BUT WHICH of the following is an accurate statement regarding the influence of genes and environment on intelligence?

A) When the environment is similar for everyone, observed differences in intelligence are more accountable to genetic factors.
B) Even strongly genetically determined traits, like intelligence, can be influenced by environmental factors.
C) To date, psychosocial interventions have been very effective in improving IQ scores.
D) The heritability of intelligence does not appear to be stable across the life span.

Answer 13

C) To date, psychosocial interventions have been very effective in improving IQ scores.

Question 14

Which of the following was developed first?

A) the original Stanford-Binet test
B) the original Wechsler test for adults
C) the original Wechsler test for children
D) the original Wechsler memory test

Answer 14

A) the original Stanford-Binet test

Question 15

Petunia is 54; her daughter Daisy is 32; and her granddaughter Rose is 4.For which of these individuals is intelligence most heavily influenced by environmental factors?

A) Petunia
B) Daisy
C) Rose
D) The intelligence of all three is equally influenced by environmental factors.

Answer 15

C) Rose

Question 16

The ratio IQ equals __________ times 100.

A) mental age
B) mental age minus chronological age
C) mental age divided by chronological age
D) chronological age divided by mental age

Answer 16

C) mental age divided by chronological age

Question 17

Which of the following statements is NOT accurate based on behavior genetics studies of intelligence?

A) In general, the more closely related two biological relatives, the more similar their levels of intelligence.
B) In general, the intelligence of biological relatives reared together is more similar than the intelligence of biological relatives reared apart.
C) In general, the intelligence of nonbiological relatives reared together is more similar than the intelligence of nonbiological relatives reared apart.
D) In general, identical twins reared together are perfectly concordant for intelligence.

Answer 17

D) In general, identical twins reared together are perfectly concordant for intelligence

Question 18

Reliability and validity data obtained for the Stanford-Binet 5ᵗʰ Edition suggest that it is generally

A) reliable and valid.
B) reliable but invalid.
C) valid but unreliable.
D) neither reliable nor valid.

Answer 18

A) reliable and valid.

Question 19

On the WAIS-IV,the average IQ score is

A) 50.
B) 100.
C) 150.
D) none of the above

Answer 19

B) 100.

Question 20

The concept of deviation IQ scores

A) was introduced by Wechsler.
B) assumes that intelligence is normally distributed throughout the population.
C) was introduced to address the fact that ratio IQ declines with age, even when mental abilities remain stable.
D) all of the above

Answer 20

D) all of the above

Question 21

IQ scores tend to be more stable over time for __________ than for __________.

A) adults; children
B) children; adults
C) males; females
D) females; males

Answer 21

A) adults; children

Question 22

The most recent edition of the Stanford-Binet intelligence test was published in the

A) 1970s.
B) 1980s.
C) 1990s.
D) 2000s.

Answer 22

D) 2000s.

Question 23

A clinical psychologist assessing the intelligence of an 8-year-old client with a Wechsler test should use the

A) WAIS-IV.
B) WMS-IV.
C) WISC-IV.
D) WPPSI-III.

Answer 23

C) WISC-IV.

Question 24

Randall has been referred for IQ testing,and on the basis of his performance,the examiner determines that he has a full-scale IQ of 104. Which of the following is a safe assertion to make on this basis alone?

A) Randall possesses roughly average verbal comprehension skills.
B) Randall possesses roughly average perceptual reasoning skills.
C) both of the above
D) neither of the above

Answer 24

D) neither of the above

Question 25

A person whose lowest WAIS-IV subtest scores are Picture Completion,Block Design,and Matrix Reasoning most clearly has a relative weakness in

A) long-term memory.
B) verbal comprehension.
C) perceptual reasoning.
D) mathematical ability.

Answer 25

C) perceptual reasoning.

Question 26

Erika is referred for IQ testing,and she performs exceptionally well on the Arithmetic,Digit Span,and Letter-Number Sequencing subtests.Based on this information alone,we could assert that Erika has a relative strength with regard to

A) mathematical ability.
B) working memory.
C) processing speed.
D) none of the above

Answer 26

B) working memory.

Question 27

The Index Scores of the WAIS-IV,representing the major ability factors that underlie the subtest scores,are

A) Comprehension, Picture Completion, Letter-Number Sequencing, and Cancellation.
B) Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, Working Memory, and Processing Speed.
C) Verbal Processing Speed and Nonverbal Processing Speed.
D) Verbal and Performance.

Answer 27

B) Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, Working Memory, and Processing Speed.

Question 28

The WAIS-IV consists of __________ subtests.

A) 3
B) 8
C) 15
D) 24

Answer 28

C) 15

Question 29

In real clinical settings,intelligence tests are frequently used to

A) estimate overall intelligence.
B) predict academic success.
C) appraise learning/problem-solving style.
D) all of the above

Answer 29

D) all of the above

Question 30

__________ is a WAIS-IV subtest that measures short-term memory and attention.

A) Digit Span
B) Symbol Search
C) Similarities
D) Comprehension

Answer 30

A) Digit Span

Question 31

Briefly compare and contrast the Stanford-Binet Fifth Edition and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition.

Answer 31

.

Question 32

What types of reliability are most relevant to the evaluation of intelligence tests?

Answer 32

Content, Predictive, Concurrent, and construct validity; test-retest, equivalent forms, split-half, internal consistency, and inter-rater reliability

Question 33

How does age influence the stability of IQ scores?

Answer 33

children have less stable results than adults. from age 3 to about 20-23 there is a huge increase in stability, and stability continues to increase with age slightly after that.

Question 34

How does the heritability of IQ vary with age?

Answer 34

Heritability seems to increase with age due to improvements with nutrition. Kids have more similar IQ to biological parents

Question 35

How do the theories of intelligence developed since the 1980s differ from those that preceded them?

Answer 35

Several important historical developments in the latter half of the 19th century greatly influenced the ultimate introduction of measures of intelligence.
Many students came from “uneducated” families or families that did not speak English. As a results, the failure rate in schools increased dramatically.

Question 36

Briefly describe the four index scores of the WAIS-IV.What general type of ability does each refer to?

Answer 36

Verbal Comprehension, Working Memory, Processing Speed, Perceptual Reasoning.

Question 37

How did changes in educational policy in the late 19th century influence the measurement of intelligence?

Answer 37

With the compulsory education, more under privileged students attended as well as students who did not speak english, this raised the demand for a test to predict academic success.

Question 38

What is intelligence?

Answer 38

Many definitions of intelligences emphasize the ability to think abstractly, the ability to learn, and the ability to adapt to the enviornment

Question 39

What are some of the problems we face in measuring intelligence?

Answer 39

intelligence is hard to define, we have to be careful not to have questions that rely on prior knowledge or that may cause people from different cultures or backgrounds from getting negatively skewed results.

Question 40

How are the stanford-binet fifth edition (SB-5) and Wechler scales (WAIS-IV, WISC-IV) similar?

Answer 40

All three tests include a subtests of scoring areas which score a wide variety of abilities (i.e. all include working memory and reasoning) all have adaptive tests in that the answer to one or more questions determines future questions asked

Question 41

For what purposes are intelligence tests administered in clinical settings

Answer 41

estimation of general intelligence; prediction of academic success, appraisal of style