chapter 7 test

Question 1

Pope Leo III crowning Charlemagne meant what for both of them? Why is it so significant for the two of them?

Answer 1

Both the pope and Charlemagne gained power and the ideal of a united Christendom was established. The pope got the power to crown and uncrown kings, and Charlemagne got the power to be emperor.

Question 2

What was the main reason that Constantinople was a good location for the capital of the Byzantine Empire?

Answer 2

It was located at a crossroads between Asia and Europe

Question 3

How was “the manor” at the heart of the feudal economy? Describe what makes the manor so important to the lives of everyday people.

Answer 3

The manor was a self-sufficient community that grew its own food and attended to religious needs. No one ever had to leave

Question 4

What is the code of chivalry and how did knights use it?

Answer 4

Chivalry required knights to be brave, loyal, and true to their word. It required knights to protect the weak (women, children, and poor)

Question 5

What was a tournament and what was its purpose? Who would attend them?

Answer 5

Formal event that provided entertainment for the nobility. They allowed knights to simulate war and combat fighting.

Question 6

What was interdict? Who used it, against whom was it used, and why? What did it do to for a town, district, or even country?

Answer 6

It was used by powerful nobles on kings who didn’t obey commands. It was an order excluding an entire town, region, or kingdom from receiving most sacraments and Christian burial.

Question 7

Who was St Francis of Assisi and what did he love most in the world?

Answer 7

St. Francis of Assisi was a wealthy Italian man who gave up all of his riches for Christ and started the Franciscan order. St Francis loved preaching the gospel and teaching by his own example of good works. his love of nature is what he’s best known for

Question 8

The conflict between Christians and Muslims during the Third Crusade in Spain was very influential. What was this conflict known as and what was the ultimate results of the conflict?

Answer 8

Known as the reconquista during the 3rd crusade. Christians retaking Spain. Two powerful monarchs married and took over Spain. Muslims and Jews could stay if they helped the economy. Otherwise they were kicked out.

Question 9

What was a positive economic outcome of the Crusades?

Answer 9

It moved Europe from battering toward a money based economy

Question 10

Why was the city of Constantinople so important? When the crusaders saw the city what was their impression? How did the city compare with other medieval cities in Western Europe?

Answer 10

Cities in Europe were less wealthy and grand than Constantinople. Crusaders were amazed by its wealth as it was a crossroad between Europe and Asia, so all the trade that went through the city made it a wealthy and grand place.

Question 11

What was the Domesday Book and why was it important? What did it enable the king to do?

Answer 11

The doomsday book was a census or an account of every castle, field, land, and other property. It was important because there was a list of everything important in England. It would help the King and future monarchs maintain a well organized system of taxation.

Question 12

What do you think the scholastic Thomas Aquinas meant when he said the following?
“Nothing which implies contradiction falls under the omnipotence of God.”—Summa Theologica

Answer 12

God’s universe is orderly and predictable. God has not created anything that is contradictory.

Question 13

The education of an average child during the Middle Ages centered on basic religious knowledge. What does this imply about the values of medieval society?

Answer 13

Religion was at the core of medieval society.

Question 14

What is a “vernacular language” and what is the significance of the emergence of vernacular languages in medieval Europe?

Answer 14

A vernacular language is the language of the common people. Many epics, narrative poems, and tales were written for the common people instead of the wealthy. Entertained and educated the common people

Question 15

What was the impact on Europe of the Black Death in terms of population, production, and the economy?

Answer 15

One third of the population of Europe died. Production declined and the cost of labor soared.

Question 16

The technology in the late middle ages revolutionized warfare and was used to masterful effect when?

Answer 16

during the 100 Years’ War.

Question 17

What are the three major geographical regions of Russia? You will need to identify them on a map, or at least know which is in the north, center, and south of Russia.

Answer 17

North - northern forest
Center - fertile land
South - southern steppe

Question 18

Why was Moscow called the “third Rome”?

Answer 18

Moscow was at the center of expanding political power.

Question 19

What pull factors attracted European Jews to Eastern Europe during the late Middle Ages?

Answer 19

Jews were attracted to Eastern Europe because they could practice Judaism there without persecution

Question 20

Explain how conflict between King John and his nobles eventually led to the creation of England’s Parliament.

Answer 20

King John put out a set of oppressive taxes and would abuse his power so a group of nobles rebelled against him, cornered him, and forced him to sign the Magna Carta; a document that limited royal power. kings would later look to their great council, a group of nobles and lords to approve decisions that could affect their whole kingdom. This would later become known as parliament.

Question 21

What are at least three pieces of evidence to support the conclusion that monks and nuns served a vital role during the Middle Ages.

Answer 21

Monks and nuns looked after the poor, and the sick and set up schools for children. They developed agricultural methods as they preserved the writings of the ancient world and kept learning alive

Question 22

Describe how Mongol rule in the 1200s and 1300s impacted Russian culture and history.

Answer 22

Mongols were Muslims but they let the population practice the Russian orthodox faith. The Mongols cut off the Russians from the west of western Europe. Mongols were absolute rulers, later, Russian rulers followed the way Mongols would rule, ending in 1917 with the Russian revolution.

Question 23

Name and describe three facets of modern business that have their origins in trade practices during the Middle Ages.

Answer 23

With the stock system, many people would invest their money together. Insurance money offsets the cost should problems arise with goods, credit, and banking systems.

Question 24

Explain the significance of the term “Dark Ages” and why that term is seldom used today.

Answer 24

The term dark ages usually describes the middle ages because many consider this a time where there were no new advancements or knowledge that came from Europe. We now know that there was quite a bit of learning that came from this time. Such as improved legal structures, monasteries where teaching people and preserving ancient texts occurred, and universities were established. Also common languages come from the middle ages, the gothic style was created, and finally there were advancements in math, literature, science, and medicine.

Question 25

King Henry II is said to have shouted about Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, inadvertently leading to Becket murder. Why did Henry call Becket meddlesome priest

Answer 25

Becket disagreed with Henry’s efforts to extend royal power over the Church.