chapter 3 test Flashcards
who wrote the analects and why are they important?
Confucius’ students wrote them. The analects were a boom of 497 verses made after Confucius’ death
What contributions did the Zhou make to ancient China? consider their coinage
They created coinage with distinctive holes punched through the center to help them keep track of their currency by stringing the coins together. (pic on test)
To impose unity throughout China, what did Shi Huangdi abolish?
feudalism
The Gangetic Plain, which lies south of the Himalayas, is watered by what rivers
The Indus, the Ganges, and the Brahmaputra
The system of writing numbers was devised by mathematicians during what period of Indian history?
Gupta. they also made a decimal system based on ten digits and began the principles of algebra.
What measures were taken to help prevent catastrophe from happening?
they labored constantly to build and repair dikes and dams
Explain Legalism
The nature of man is evil and his goodness is acquired. Legalism imposes harsh laws and harshly punishes crimes
Who was the supreme god among the many gods and nature spirits to whom the early Chinese prayed?
Shang Di
A lengthy Indian poem known as _____ ___ reflects important Indian religious beliefs about the immortality of the soul and the cause of performing one’s duty
Bhagavad-Gita
What role did Confucianism have during the Han dynasty? How did the emperors treat Confucianism?
Han emperors made Confucianism the official religion of the state. They relied on well educated scholars to run the bureaucratic government. Remained in place until 1912
What medical treatment was promoted by the doctors during the Han period?
Acupuncture
A dynasty enjoyed the Mandate of Heaven as long as the dynasty did what?
provided good government (know the cycle on page 91)
When Chinese scientist Wang Chong described the science behind an eclipse he was rejecting the belief that-
eclipses were a result of heavens anger
what civilization was found near the border of Pakistan and India?
the Indus valley civilization
This excerpt, from a book on good governance, was written for the leader of the ___ empire
“The king shall provide the orphans, the aged, the infirm, the afflicted, and the helpless with maintenance. He shall also provide subsistence to helpless women when they are carrying and also to the children they give birth to.” -Arthashastra
Maurya
the founder of which religion said these words as he lay dying?
“decay is inherent in all things. Work out your own salvation with diligence.”
Why is this important? how does it reflect their view of the world?
The founder of Buddhism, Siddartha Gautama, said these words.
This is important because he is saying that dying is natural, but to seek salvation you need benevolence. This reflects their view of the world because they support non-violence and peace
Which emperor ordered the construction of the fortification of the Great Wall of China?
Shi Huangdi
What was the reason for increased Tamil trade with China?
The reason for increased trade was when the Roman Empire declined
What is ahimsa, a key moral principle of Hinduism? What does it mean?
Ahimsa is nonviolence
What are some of the characteristics of the Yellow River in China?
the most sediment-filled river; yellowish color
What are the three main geographical obstacles one must face to have outside contact with China?
Mountains, deserts, and oceans
What is the term that refers to seasonal winds that regularly blow across the Indian subcontinent?
Monsoons and the Himalayas stopped the wind
Who founded the first Indian empire?
Chandragupta Maurya
____ refers to the Buddhist belief in union with the universe and release from the cycle of rebirth
Nirvana
The greatest of Chinas deserts is the
Gobi Desert
What was the purpose of erecting the stone pillars marked on the map?
they offered moral advice and promised a just government
Know the levels of the caste system and their comparison to the body of purusha
Head - Brahmins (priests, teachers)
Arms - Kshatriyas (rulers, warriors)
Legs - Vaishyas (landowners, merchants)
Feet - Sudras (servants
not on body - untouchables
Know the founders of the Qin and Han dynasties
Shi Huangdi founded the Qin dynasty, and Gao Zu founded the Han Dynasty
Explain the “lessons for women” literary work. what chinese dynasty was it produced in and why do we care ?
Bao Zhao produced lessons for women in the Han Golden Age. this work was a handbook of behavior written for women
