Chapter 7 Science

Question 1

What are the seven characteristics of life?

Answer 1

Organization of parts (made up of cells); growth; development; reproduction; response to stimuli; maintaining homeostasis; and use of energy

Question 2

What is the cell theory and why is it important?

Answer 2

All living things are made up of cells, which are the smallest unit of life
- Cells carry on all life processes to keep organisms alive
- Cells come only from other living cells
It is important because it helps us understand how life works

Question 3

Compare and contrast prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.

Answer 3

Prokaryotic cells are cells that do not have a lining surrounding their genetic material (no nucleus) and usually have fewer and smaller organelles (usually unicellular).
Eukaryotic cells are cells that have a lining surrounding their genetic material (have a nucleus) and have many organelles (usually multicellular)

Question 4

What are organelles?

Answer 4

Smaller parts of a cell

Question 5

Cell membrane

Answer 5

protects the cell; allows certain materials in and out of the cell

Question 6

Cytoplasm

Answer 6

keeps the cell organelles in place inside of the cell (80% water)

Question 7

Nucleus

Answer 7

controls everything inside the cell (the brain of the cell), has the nucleus membrane, chromosomes, and nucleolus

Question 8

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Answer 8

packages proteins and moves materials around within a cell

Question 9

smooth ER

Answer 9

no ribosomes

Question 10

Rough ER

Answer 10

has ribosomes attached to it’s outer membrane

Question 11

Golgi apparatus (Golgi body)

Answer 11

packages proteins and moves them outside of the cell (in tiny ball like structures)

Question 12

Lysosomes

Answer 12

breaks down and digests dead cells

Question 13

Mitochondria

Answer 13

makes and stores energy (ATP) for the cell (powerhouse)

Question 14

Ribosomes

Answer 14

creates proteins for the cell and body

Question 15

Vacuole

Answer 15

stores materials for the cell to use

Question 16

cell wall

Answer 16

protects a PLANT CELL and gives a plant it’s structure and support

Question 17

Chloroplast

Answer 17

where photosynthesis occurs and how the plant gets its green color (contains chlorphyll)

Question 18

Cellular Respiration

Answer 18

C6H12O6+O2= H2O+CO2+ATP

Question 19

Photosynthesis

Answer 19

Sunlight+CO2+H2O= C6H12O6+O2

Question 20

Compare and contrast organs and organ systems

Answer 20

Organ systems are a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function

Question 21

Name, from smallest to largest, the 5 levels of organization for all multicellular organisms

Answer 21

Cells, tissue, organs, organ systems, organism