Chapter 7 Review

Question 1

the speed of a wave is directly proportional to what 2 quantities?

Answer 1

wavelength and frequency

Question 2

imaginary line that is perpendicular to a reflecting surface and we measure all angles of incidence and reflection from this line

Answer 2

the normal line

Question 3

when waves interfere,the resulting wave varies widely in amplitude to the listening ear and both frequencies are perceived to pulsate with each other. what is that pulsating of sound called?

Answer 3

a beat

Question 4

equation for frequency

Answer 4

f = N/t

Question 5

what is simply the length of a single wave

Answer 5

wavelength

Question 6

when is diffraction most pronounced

Answer 6

when the opening is equal to one wavelength

Question 7

if we are hearing a higher frequency than what is actually being played, is the object moving towards or farther away from me? why?

Answer 7

towards you b/c the sound waves are getting compressed so you hear a higher pitch

Question 8

when an object is traveling a supersonic speeds, it produces a shock wave called a

Answer 8

sonic boom

Question 9

if the object is moving away from me, how should I hear the sound?

Answer 9

a lower pitch

Question 10

the frequency relationship between the fundamental and the overtones;

Answer 10

harmonic series

Question 11

what is the substance which transfers a waves energy

Answer 11

medium

Question 12

what is the effect of intensity on the way the human ear perceives it

Answer 12

loundess

Answer 13

reverbration

Question 14

of the two main types of waves, which type oscillates the particles perpendicular to the direction of travel

Answer 14

transverse

Question 15

2 main types of interference

Answer 15

constructive or destructive

Question 16

which will sound travel the fastest and the slowest through? 50 C temps, 5 C temps, saltwater, and an iron block.

Answer 16

It will travel fastest through the sold (iron block) and the slowest through the cold air (5 C)

Question 17

what is the number of waves that pass a given point in the unit of time

Answer 17

frequency

Question 18

when the 2 frequencies are the same or nearly the same as an oscillator

Answer 18

resonance

Question 19

perceived change in frequency that’s caused by an objects/sounds motion

Answer 19

doppler effect

Question 20

time it takes for one wave to oscillate

Answer 20

period

Question 21

the bouncing back of a wave at the boundary btwn 2 media

Answer 21

reflection

Question 22

the waves that strike an obstacle

Answer 22

incident waves

Question 23

distance between 2 crests r 2 troughs

Answer 23

wavelength

Question 24

what do we call the complete negation of the energy of a wave

Answer 24

complete destructive interference

Question 25

if I have 2 notes playing 445 hertz and 443 hertz, what is the beat frequency

Answer 25

the difference between the 2 frequencies, which would be 2 in this case

Question 26

unit of frequency

Answer 26

hertz

Question 27

smallest intensity the human ear can typically detect

Answer 27

the threshold of hearing

Question 28

anything above the audible range

Answer 28

ultrasonic

Question 29

what is the effect of frequency on the way the human ear perceives it

Answer 29

pitch

Question 30

refracted waves will always bend how?

Answer 30

toward the medium that slows them down

Question 31

fundamental frequency

Answer 31

the lowest frequency at which an object will vibrate

Question 32

the opposite of consonance

Answer 32

dissonance

Question 33

difference in pitch between a note and a second note that has x2 the frequency of the first

Answer 33

octave

Question 34

what is the periodic ossilation that rransmits energy

Answer 34

wave

Question 35

why is there no sound in space?

Answer 35

because space is a vacuum and there is no mediums

Question 36

what is my equation that determines the rating btwn wave velocity, frequency, and the wavelength

Answer 36

V = LANDA(f)

Question 37

series of organized sound waves with specific pitches that have been deliberately arranged

Answer 37

music

Question 38

what is the strength of a sound wave

Answer 38

intensity

Question 39

what the fundamental and overtones are called in a harmonic series when they are numbered from lowest to greatest pitch

Answer 39

harmonics

Question 40

what is noise?

Answer 40

random sounds without order or arrangement

Question 41

set of frequencies at which an object will vibrate

Answer 41

natural frequencies

Question 42

the range of 20 hertz to 20,000 hertz

Answer 42

audible range/audible sound

Question 43

what is the physical distance (the distance btwn 2 corresponding notes)

Answer 43

interval

Question 44

constructive and destructive interference btwn the fundamental and overtones give a musical instrument its what

Answer 44

timber

Question 45

law stating that the angle of incidence must equal the angle of reflection

Answer 45

law of reflection

Question 46

the two equations for period

Answer 46

T(period) = t/n and 1/f

Question 47

what is defined as vibrations traveling through the medium in the form of longitudinal pressure waves

Answer 47

sound

Question 48

process for dissipating the energy of sound waves

Answer 48

absorption

Question 49

the intensity of a sound wave is inversely proportional to what?

Answer 49

the square of the distance

Question 50

2 main components of a longitudinal wave

Answer 50

compression and rarefaction pulse

Question 51

what is simply the max distance that particles are displaced by a wave

Answer 51

amplitude

Question 52

study of sound

Answer 52

acoustics

Question 53

object that reverberates the sound waves produced by and instrument

Answer 53

resonator

Question 54

other sounds produced at higher frequencies than the fundamental

Answer 54

overtones

Question 55

when 2 notes interfere harmoniously

Answer 55

consoncance

Question 56

speeds that are faster and slower than the speed of sound

Answer 56

supersonic and subsonic

Question 57

how many decibels does the threshold of hearing corresponds to

Answer 57

0 decibels

Question 58

procedure for calculating distance measuring the time interval that elapses between sending a sound wave and its return

Answer 58

echo ranging

Question 59

cause of consonance and dissonance

Answer 59

interference

Question 60

if you are using a sonar device and something on the sonar takes 5 seconds for the sound to echo range, but another ping is sent out and it now takes 2 seconds, what can you infer about the objects distance?

Answer 60

it is getting closer because it takes less time for the ping to come back.

Question 61

high and low point of a transverse wave

Answer 61

crest and a trough

Question 62

sound heard distinctly after being reflected from an object

Answer 62

echo

Question 63

reinforcement or cancellation occurring when 2 or more waves meet

Answer 63

interference

Question 64

any sound occurring below the audible range

Answer 64

infrasonic

Question 65

what is the bending of a wave at the boundary of 2 media

Answer 65

refractin

Question 66

the consonance btwn 2 notes bears a simple relationship to the ratios of their what?

Answer 66

frequency