Chapter 4 Review

Question 1

what is defined as attraction to like substances

Answer 1

cohesion

Question 2

what is any substance that is capable of flowing

Answer 2

fluid

Question 3

which state of matter has no definite shape or volume

Answer 3

gas

Question 4

what is the tendency of a liquid to pull atoms or molecules near its surface back into the liquid

Answer 4

surface tension

Question 5

force per unit area

Answer 5

pressure

Question 6

what is the curved upward portion of a liquid due to cohesion and adhesion

Answer 6

meniscus

Question 7

what is the ability of a liquid to seem to inherently rise or fall in a tube

Answer 7

capillarity

Question 8

what is the si unit of pressure

Answer 8

pascal

Question 8

true/false gravitational pressure is felt equally in every direction at a given point

Answer 8

true

Question 9

true/false a factor that affects gravitational pressure is a fluids density

Answer 9

true

Question 9

what do we call the amount of force or pressure placed upon and object due to its weight

Answer 9

gravitational pressure

Question 10

what is device that uses a confined fluid to multiply force

Answer 10

hydraulic press

Question 11

true/false the increase in force provided by a hydraulic press can only occur at the expense of distance

Answer 11

true

Question 12

what is a characteristic of a gas that means it able to be easily squeezed and compacted into smaller containers

Answer 12

compressability

Question 13

gas law that has a constant temperature with pressure and volume inversely proportional

Answer 13

Boyles law

Question 14

which gas law is given by the equation P1V1 = P2V2

Answer 14

Boyles Law

Question 15

all gas law temps must use what temp scale and why

Answer 15

kelvin b/c of its absolute 0
(cant use negative values)

Question 15

which of the gas laws states that volume and temp are directly related at a constant pressure

Answer 15

Charles law

Question 16

which gas law states the pressure and temp are directly related when volume is constant

Answer 16

Amontons Law

Question 17

true/false Boyles law is true because a change in volume changes the frequency of collisions of molecules

Answer 17

true

Question 17

true/false pressure in a gas is generated by the force of all the molecules collisions with the containers walls

Answer 17

true

Question 18

true/false Charles law is observed when the more frequent and more forceful collisions are caused by a decrease in temp

Answer 18

false (its and increase in temp_

Question 19

who is credited with the discovery of atmospheric pressure

Answer 19

Toricelli

Question 19

gravitational pressure of the atmosphere

Answer 19

atmospheric pressure

Question 20

true/false Amontons Law is explained by a decrease in temp, causing the molecules to collide more forcefully with the sides of the container

Answer 20

false (its an increase in temp)

Question 21

what was the device the Toricelli invented

Answer 21

barometer

Question 22

what was the substance that torecielli used in his first barometer

Answer 22

mercury

Question 23

what is a barometer that is used to measure altitude

Answer 23

altimeter

Question 24

what is a barometer that doesn't used a liquid

Answer 24

Android barometer

Question 25

who was the scientist that discovered the principles of buoycancy

Answer 25

archimedes

Question 25

how are liquids or fluids able to move upwards through a straw

Answer 25

decreasing pressure

Question 26

whose principle states that the buoyant force experienced by an object is exactly equal to the weight of the displaced fluid

Answer 26

Archimede's priciple

Question 27

what is a technique used to measure the specific gravity by taking the weight in air minus the weight in fluid

Answer 27

hydrostatic weighing

Question 27

device used the measure a fluids specific gravity

Answer 27

hydrometer

Question 28

an object in a fluid will float if it is ___________

Answer 28

less dense than the fluid

Question 29

what is the point at which an object neither sinks nor floats

Answer 29

neutral buoyancy

Question 30

what is the fluid friction that tends to slow down an object as it moves through a fluid

Answer 30

drag

Question 31

what is the science of shaping an object to reduce drag

Answer 31

streamlining

Question 32

what is the force generated on an object by relative motion btwn a fluid and that object

Answer 32

lift

Question 33

simple device used to produce lift

Answer 33

foil

Question 34

name factors that affect lift

Answer 34

shape size angle of attack density of the fluid

Question 35

true/false lift doesn't depend on the fluids velocities and properties

Answer 35

true

Question 36

what is the phenomenon that a spinning cylinder/ball does in order to produce lift

Answer 36

Magnus effect

Question 37

which effect states that as a fluids velocity increases the lateral pressure will decrease

Answer 37

Bernoulli effect

Question 38

name one of the devices that utilizes Bernoulli's effect

Answer 38

carbonator, airbrush, foil

Question 39

acceleration equaltion

Answer 39

a = delta v / t

Question 39

density equation

Answer 39

p = m/v

Question 40

how to find the force of weight

Answer 40

Fw = mg (g = 9.81)

Question 41

efficiency equation

Answer 41

n = Wo/Wi l

Question 42

Newtons second law equation

Answer 42

f = ma

Question 43

method of finding the output force of the output piston of a hydraulic press

Answer 43

Fi/Ai = Fo/Ao