chapter 7 Respiratory System - clinical, surgical

Question 1

mantoux test

Answer 1

TB screening test

PPD is placed just beneath the surface of the skin to identify a previous exposure to TB

Question 2

oximetry

Answer 2

non invasive method of monitoring the percentage of hemoglobin (Hb) saturated with oxygen

aka pulse oximetry

Question 3

Hb

Answer 3

hemoglobin

Question 4

polysomnography

Answer 4

test of sleep cycles using EEGS

Question 5

PFT’s

Answer 5

pulmonary function tests,

series of tests to aid in the dx of lung diseases

and evaluate effectiveness of treatments

Question 6

spirometry

Answer 6

PFT that measures

how much and how quickly air moves in and out of the lungs

Question 7

bronchoscopy

Answer 7

visual exam of the bronchi

Question 8

laryngoscopy

Answer 8

visual exam of the larynx

to detect tumors, foreign bodies,

nerve or structural injury

or other abnormalities

Question 9

mediastinoscopy

what is it?

what organs does it include?

Answer 9

visual exam of the mediastinal structures

including the

heart,

trachea,

esophagus,

bronchus,

thymus,

and lymph nodes

Question 10

ABG

Answer 10

arterial blood gas,

test that measures dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood

Question 11

sputum culture

Answer 11

microbial test used to identify disease causing organisms of the lower respiratory tract, esp those that cause pneumonias

Question 12

sweat test

Answer 12

measurement of the amount of sal (sodium chloride) in sweat

Question 13

throat culture

Answer 13

test used to identify pathogens especially

group A streptococci

Question 14

chest x-ray

Answer 14

identify lung conditions

pneumonia, lung cancer, COPD, and pneumothorax

Question 15

computed tomography pulmonary angiography

Answer 15

minimally invasive imaging that combines CT scan and angiography to produce images of pulmonary arteries

CT+Angiography for pulmonary arteries

angiography xray with dye to look at arteries

Question 16

V-Q

Answer 16

ventilation perfusion,

nuclear test scan that evaluates airflow (ventilation) and blood flow perfusion in the lungs for evidence of a blood clot in thel ungs,

aka V-Q lung scan

perfusion = blood flow

ventilation = breathing

Question 17

pleurectomy

Answer 17

excision of part of the pleura, usually the parietal pleura

Question 18

pneumonectomy

Answer 18

excision of a lung or portion of the lung,

commonly for treatment of cancer

Question 19

septoplasty

Answer 19

surgical repair of a deviated nasal septum

performed when the septum is encroaching on the breathing passages or nasal structures

Question 20

thoracentesis

Answer 20

surgical puncture and drainage of the pleural cavity;

aka pleurocentesis,or thoracocentesis

Question 21

tracheostomy

Answer 21

surgical procedure in which an opening is made in the neck and into the trachea into which a breathing tube may be inserted

Question 22

aerosol therapy

Answer 22

lung treatment using various techniques to deliver medication in mist form directly to the lungs or air passageways

Question 23

antral lavage

what

why

who

Answer 23

washing or irrigating of the paranasal sinuses

to remove mucopurulent material

in an immonosuppressed pt

or one with known sinusitis that has failed to respond to medical management

Question 24

endotracheal intubation

Answer 24

procedure in which a plastic tube is inserted into the trachea to maintain an open airway

Question 25

postural drainage

Answer 25

method of positioning a pt so that gravity aids in the drainage of secretions from the bronchi and lobes of the lungs to make breathing easier

posture=position

Question 26

antibiotics

Answer 26

destroy or inhibit growth of bacteria

(azithromycin, amoxicillin)

Question 27

antihistamines

Answer 27

block histamines from binding with histamine receptor sites in tissues (-dine)

Question 28

antitussives

Answer 28

relieve or

by blocking the cough reflex in the medulla of the brain

Question 29

bronchodilators

Answer 29

stimulate bronchial muscles to relax,

expanding passages increasing airflow

bronchi

dilator

Question 30

corticosteroids

Answer 30

act on immune system by blocking production of substances that trigger allergic and inflammatory responses

cortex (adrenal)

steroid manmade hormones

Question 31

decongestants

Answer 31

constrict blood vessels the enlargement of an organ or tissue caused by of nasal passages and limit blood flow, which causes swollen tissues to shrink so that air can pass more freely through the passageways

Question 32

expectorants

Answer 32

liquify respiratory secretions so that they are more easily dislodged during coughing episodes