Chapter 7- Middle Childhood

Question 1

BMI

Answer 1

a measure of the ratio of weight to height

Question 2

myopia

Answer 2

nearsightedness

Question 3

executive functioning

Answer 3

the ability to porblemsolve without getting distracted and adjusting strategy if necessary

Question 4

overweight

Answer 4

BMI > 18

Question 5

Obesity

Answer 5

BMI > 21

Question 6

concrete operations stage

Answer 6

the cognitive stage in Piaget’s theory when children become capable of using mental operations

Question 7

seriation

Answer 7

the ability to arrange things in a logical order

Question 8

selective attention

Answer 8

focusing on relevant information and ignoring the rest

Question 9

ADHD

Answer 9

inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness

Question 10

working memory

Answer 10

the capacity to retain information for a short time

Question 11

mnemonics

Answer 11

memory strategies; rehearsal, organization, and elaboration

Question 12

organization

Answer 12

placing things in meaningful categories

Question 13

elaboration

Answer 13

connecting bits of information together to make them easier to remember

Question 14

metamemory

Answer 14

understanding how memory works

Question 15

metalinguistic skills

Answer 15

greater awareness of the structure of language

Question 16

phonics approach

Answer 16

teaching children to understand language by breaking down the sounds in a word

Question 17

whole-language approach

Answer 17

teaching children to undersand language by using whole written passages

Question 18

dyslexia

Answer 18

a condition thaat makes reading difficult; sounding out words & spelling words is difficult; misperceiving the order of letters in words

Question 19

learning disabilites

Answer 19

cognitive disorders that impede the developments of learning a specific skill; reading and math

Question 20

numeracy

Answer 20

understanding the meaning of numbers

Question 21

dyscalculia

Answer 21

neurologicallyy based difficulty in numerical processing

Question 22

experience sampling method (esm)

Answer 22

people reporting their behavior and thoughts when prompted by a beep from their wristwatch

Question 23

ambivalence

Answer 23

experiencing conflicting emotions at once

Question 24

self-concept

Answer 24

how we view and evaluate ourselves

Question 25

social comparison

Answer 25

comparing self to others in social groups

Question 26

self-esteem

Answer 26

someone's personal sense of worth and wellbeing

Question 27

selective association

Answer 27

people preferring to be around people like them

Question 28

age-graded

Answer 28

grade levels based on age groups

Question 29

social skills

Answer 29

being friendly, helpful, cooperative, and considerate

Question 30

social information processing

Answer 30

evaluating other's intentions, motivations, and behaviors

Question 31

developmental cascade

Answer 31

when an early problems create later problems in the development

Question 32

industry vs inferiority

Answer 32

Erikson; when children are capable of doing useful work and self projects unless the adults around them criticize them too much