Chapter 7: Cellular Respiration Flashcards
NADH
An electron carrier, donates electrons in cellular processes.
Reduced form of NAD+
Energy from oxidation/reduction reactions is used to synthesize ATP.
NAD+
An electron carrier, accepts electrons in cellular processes.
FADH2
An electron carrier, donates electrons in cellular processes.
FAD+
An electron carrier, accepts electrons in cellular processes.
Cellular Respiration
glucose + oxygen > carbon dioxide + water + energy
C6H12O6 + O2 > CO2 + H2O + energy
Active Transport
The movement of substances through a membrane against a concentration gradient using membrane bound carrier proteins and energy from ATP.
Sodium-potassium pump
An active transport mechanism that pumps sodium and potassium ions into and out of a cell.
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
The set of reactions that takes place in the cell in the presence of oxygen and releases energy stored in glucose.
Anaerobic Cellular Respiration
The set of reactions that takes place in the cell in the absence of oxygen and releases energy stored in glucose.
Glycolysis
A process for harnessing energy in which a glucose molecule is broken into two pyruvate molecules in the cytoplasm of a cell.
1 glucose + 2 ADP + 2 P + 2 NAD+ → 2 pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2 NADH + 2H
Mitochondrion
A eukaryotic cell organelle in which aerobic cellular respiration occurs.
Mitochondrial Matrix
The fluid fills the interior space of the mitochondrion.
Intermembrane Space
The fluid-filled space between the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes.
Krebs Cycle
A cyclic series of reactions that transfers energy from organic molecules to ATP, NADH, and FADH2, and removes carbon atoms as CO2.
Oxidative ATP Synthesis
The production of ATP from a series of oxidation reactions.
