Chapter 7 and 8

Question 1

acetabul-

Answer 1

vinegar cup. E.g., acetabulum: a depression of the hip bone that articulates with the head of the femur.

Question 2

ax-

Answer 2

axis. e.g., axial skeleton: upright portion of the skeleton that supports the head, neck, and trunk.

Question 3

-blast

Answer 3

bud, a growing organism in the early stages. E.g., osteoblast: a cell that will form bone tissue.

Question 4

canal-

Answer 4

channel. e.g., canaliculus: tubular passage

Question 5

carp-

Answer 5

wrist. e.g., carpals: wrist bone.

Question 6

-clast

Answer 6

break. osteoclast: cell that breaks down bone tissue.

Question 7

clav-

Answer 7

bar. e.g., clavicle: bone that articulates with the sternum and scapula.

Question 8

condyl-

Answer 8

knob, knuckle. e.g., condyle: rounded, bony process.

Question 9

corac-

Answer 9

a crow’s beak. e.g., coracoid process: a beaklike process of the scapula.

Question 10

cribr-

Answer 10

sieve. e.g., cribriform plate: portion of the ethmoid bone with many small openings.

Question 11

crist-

Answer 11

crest. e.g., crista galli: bony ridge that projects upward into the cranial cavity.

Question 12

fov-

Answer 12

pit. e.g., fovea capitis: pit in the head of a femur.

Question 13

glen-

Answer 13

joint socket. e.g., glenoid cavity: depression in the scapula that articulates with the head of the humerus.

Question 14

inter-

Answer 14

among, between. e.g., intervertebral disc: structure between vertebrae.

Question 15

intra-

Answer 15

inside. e.g., intramembranous bone: bone that forms within sheetlike masses of connective tissue.

Question 16

lamell-

Answer 16

thin plate. e.g., lamella: thin, bony plate.

Question 17

meat-

Answer 17

passage. e.g., external acoustic meatus: canal of the temporal bone that leads inward to parts of the ear.

Question 18

odont-

Answer 18

tooth. e.g., odontoid process: a toothlike process of the second cervical vertebra.

Question 19

poie-

Answer 19

make, produce. e.g., hematopoiesis: a process that forms blood cells.

Question 20

Epiphysis

Answer 20

an expanded portion at each end of a long bone that articulates (or forms a joint) with another bone.

Question 21

Proximal epiphysis

Answer 21

nearest to the torso.

Question 22

Distal epiphysis

Answer 22

farthest from the torso.

Question 23

Articular cartilage

Answer 23

is hyaline cartilage that coats the outer surface of the articulating portion of the epiphysis.

Question 24

Diaphysis

Answer 24

is the shaft of the bone.

Question 25

Metaphysis

Answer 25

is the widening part of the bone between the diaphysis and the epiphysis.

Question 26

Periosteum

Answer 26

is a tough, vascular covering of dense connective tissue that encloses a bone. Except for ligaments and tendons, grooves, and openings, and a depression of one bone might articulate with another process.

Question 27

Compact bone

Answer 27

also called cortical bone. It is the tightly packed tissue that mainly composes the wall of the diaphysis.

Question 28

Intramembranous bones

Answer 28

bones that originate within sheetlike layers of connective tissues.

Question 29

endochondral bones

Answer 29

bones that begin as masses of hyaline cartilage later replaced by bone tissue.