Chapter 7- America War And Peace

Question 1

John Marshall

Answer 1

Chief Justice who was the first to establish and assert the powers of the Supreme Court.

Question 2

Marburg v Madison

Answer 2

This court case ruled that, although Madison should have delivered marbury’s commision, he was under no legal obligation to do so because part of the judiciary act of 1789 that had granted the court the authority to issue such a writ was unconstitutional.

Question 3

Louisiana purchase

Answer 3

The United States bought the Louisiana territory (the area from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains) from France in 1803 for $15 million. The purchase nearly doubled the area of the United States at a cost, omitting interest, of thirteen and one-half cents an acre.

Question 4

Impressment

Answer 4

The practice of forcing civilians in to military service. It was used widely by the British, and antagonized Americans, in the years leading up to the war of 1812

Question 5

Embargo act of 1807

Answer 5

This law prohibited vessels from leaving American ports for foreign ports. Technically, it prohibited only exports, but its practical effect was to stop imports as well, for few foreign ships would venture into American ports if they had to leave with cargo.

Question 6

Jame Madison

Answer 6

Elected president of the United States in 1808; was the nations leader during the war of 1812

Question 7

War hawks

Answer 7

Militant democratic-republicans who demanded more aggressive policies

Question 8

Tecumseh

Answer 8

The Shawnee leader who sought to unite several tribes in Ohio and the the Indiana territory against American settlers.

Question 9

Tenskwatawa

Answer 9

Tecumseh’s brother who was looked down on by fellow Shawnee’s as a drunken mischief. Later on, he gave up liquor and began tearful preaching to surrounding tribes to return to their old ways and to avoid contact with whites. He quickly became known as the prophet

Question 10

Treaty of Ghent

Answer 10

Signed on Christmas Eve 1814, it restored the status quo ante vellum (the state of things before the war); the United States neither gained nor lost territory. Several additional issues, including fixing a boundary between the United States and Canada, were referred to joint commissions for future settlement. Nothing was done about impressment, but the end of the war in Europe made neutral rights a null issue.

Question 11

Andrew Jackson

Answer 11

American General, and later president, who was known for his ferocity as an Indian fighter. He and his men defeated the British in the battle of New Orleans.

Question 12

National Republicans

Answer 12

Republicans who increasingly embraced old federalist positions, including the era of good feeling

Question 13

Era of good feelings

Answer 13

The era during President James Monroe’s terms as president, from 1817-1825. The phrase era of good feelings reflects not only the war’s elimination of some divisive issues but also Monroe’s conscious efforts to avoid political controversies

Question 14

Mcculloch v Maryland

Answer 14

The court case that ruled that states could not interfere with the exercise of federal powers. A tax by Maryland on the Baltimore branch of the second bank of the United States was plainly unconstitutional under this rule

Question 15

Old republicans

Answer 15

Strict Jeffersonians who revered John Randolph and regarded the compact theory of the United States as a guarantor of popular liberty

Question 16

Missouri compromise

Answer 16

This stated that in order to balance the number of free and slave states, congress in 1820 would admit Maine as a free state and Missouri as a slave state; to forestall a further crisis, it also prohibited slavery in the remainder of the Louisiana purchase north of 36’ 30’- the southern boundary of Missouri.

Question 17

John Quincy Adams

Answer 17

The Secretary of State under James Monroe who helped strengthen ties with Great Britain. He was the son of former President John Adams, and he became president in 1825.

Question 18

Adams-onis treaty

Answer 18

The agreement in 1819 between Spain and the United States where Spain ceded east Florida to the United States, renounced its claims to Florida, and agreed to a southern border to a southern border of the United States west of the Mississippi that ran north along the Sabine River (separating Texas from Louisiana) and then westward along the red and Arkansas rivers to the Rocky Mountains, finally following the forty-second parallel to the pacific.

Question 19

Monroe doctrine

Answer 19

The doctrine that proclaimed three key principles: that unless American interests were involved, U.S Policy was to abstain from European wars; that the American continents were not subjects for future colonization by any European power; and that the United States would construe any attempt at European colonization in the new world as an “unfriendly act”